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Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

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LLM Foundations

Explain how transformers generate text

Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts

LLM Engineering

Call LLM APIs with function/tool use

Fine-tuning LLMs

Prepare fine-tuning datasets

Multimodal LLMs

Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

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ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

JuZhou 1.0 Technical Report: The First Edge-Native Text-to-Image Foundation Model Trained Entirely on China-Developed AI Accelerators

arXiv:2606.28421v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models typically require substantial computational resources and cloud infrastru

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Tool Use Enables Undetectable Steganography in Multi-Agent LLM Systems

arXiv:2606.28425v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Increasingly autonomous agentic AI systems pose novel multi-agent risks, such as secret collusion via covert c

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Building to the Test: Coding Agents Deliver What You Check, Not What You Requested

arXiv:2606.28430v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Benchmarks are widely used to evaluate task completion by Large Language Models (LLMs), but this approach has

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

When AI Reviews Its Own Code: Recursive Self-Training Collapse in Code LLMs

arXiv:2606.28438v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recursive self-training can degrade neural generative models when generated data is reused without fresh human

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Learning to Distributedly Estimate under Partially Known Dynamics: A Covariance-Agnostic Neural Kalman Consensus Filter

arXiv:2606.28441v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Online latent state estimation constitutes a fundamental challenge within the artificial intelligence field, s

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

LoRA-Tuned Large Language Models for Dementia Detection via Multi-View Speech-Derived Features

arXiv:2606.28445v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Early detection of dementia enables timely intervention, and reflecting cognitive impairment, spontaneous spee

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

SemFlowRAG: Directed Semantic Flow from Abstraction to Evidence for Complex Reasoning

arXiv:2606.28447v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhanced by Knowledge Graphs has shown promise in complex multi-hop reaso

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

LLM agents security duality: a comprehensive survey of self-security and empowered cybersecurity

arXiv:2606.28450v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents are rapidly being integrated into real-world systems. Their autonomy and too

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Event-Conditioned Diagnostics of Kinematic, Contact, and Object-Permanence Fields in Passive Object-State World Models

arXiv:2606.28455v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models can predict future physical states, but prediction accuracy alone does not explain how physical i

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Is Lying an Emergent Behaviour in LLMs? Evidence from Gaslighting AI agents in a Sustainability Game

arXiv:2606.28456v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLMs agents are increasingly used in multi-agent settings, yet their behaviour in sustainability games remains

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

An Agentic AI Pipeline for Appliance-Level Energy Anomaly Detection and LLM-Driven Recommendations

arXiv:2606.28467v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Appliance-level energy monitoring in office buildings produces noisy alerts that non-expert facility managers

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Decomposing Memorization Reduction in Privacy-Preserving Fine-Tuning of SLMs for CSIRTs

arXiv:2606.28479v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: CSIRTs increasingly fine tune language models on vulnerability scan records, but these records expose internal

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

HDDPM: Heteroscedastic Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Quantitative Low-Count Brain PET Recovery

arXiv:2606.28513v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Positron emission tomography (PET) seeks to balance diagnostic quality with ra-diation dose. Low-count PET noi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

A Gravitational Interpretation of Fine-Tuning Reversion

arXiv:2606.28525v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fine-tuning on harmless data can partially undo behaviors acquired earlier in training. Safety can erode under

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

The Speedup Paradox: Rethinking Inference Speed-Quality Trade-off in Embodied Tasks

arXiv:2606.28529v2 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Embodied foundation models have recently been widely used to improve robot generalization and task success rat

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

KernelSight-LM: A Kernel-Level LLM Inference Simulator

arXiv:2606.28565v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) move into production serving, practitioners must rapidly evaluate inference pe

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Geometric Measurements of the Axiom of Choice in Neural Proof Embeddings

arXiv:2606.28572v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The axiom of choice has divided the foundations of mathematics for over a century, but the distinction between

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Correct codes for the wrong reasons? validating LLMs as measurement instruments for theoretical constructs

arXiv:2606.28574v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When a large language model (LLM) codes a construct in text as a human annotator would, that agreement makes t

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Animation2Code: Evaluating Temporal Visual Reasoning in Video-to-Code Generation

arXiv:2606.28593v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While recent vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved significant improvements on static visual-to-code tas

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Neuromorphic Energy-Aware Learning for Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation

arXiv:2606.28600v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Neuromorphic and edge computing research has focused on reducing the inference cost of neural network controll

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Database Context Compression for Text-to-SQL on Real-World Large Databases

arXiv:2606.28601v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent progress in Text-to-SQL has been driven by stronger language models and prompting strategies, yet perfo

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

What LLMs explain is not what they believe: Evaluating explanation sufficiency under models' own input beliefs

arXiv:2606.28615v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains, where free-text explanations su

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Constrained Tabular Diffusion for Finance

arXiv:2606.28674v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative models in finance face the dual challenge of producing realistic data while satisfying strict regul

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Capability Gates Are Not Authorization: Confused-Deputy Failures in LLM Agent Frameworks

arXiv:2606.28679v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tool-using LLM agents increasingly read untrusted content while holding side-effecting tools such as payments,

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

SEATauBench: Adapting Tool-Agent-User Evaluation Into Low-Resource Southeast Asian Languages

arXiv:2606.28715v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While AI development and evaluation for Southeast Asia (SEA) has grown rapidly, agent capabilities in regional

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

5ting at SemEval-2026 Task 8: Strong End-to-End Multi-Turn RAG via LLM-Based Reranking and Faithfulness Control

arXiv:2606.28737v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce 5ting, our system for the SemEval2026 Task 8 (MTRAGEval), which evaluates multi-turn Retrieval Au

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Four Types of LLM Reliance and Their Predictors Among Undergraduate Writers: A Mixed-Methods Study at a Minority-Serving R1 University

arXiv:2606.28749v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Although most undergraduates now use large language models (LLMs), a form of generative artificial intelligenc

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Majority Vote Silences Minority Values: Annotator Disagreement at the Hate/Offensive Boundary in HateXplain

arXiv:2606.28772v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hate speech annotation pipelines routinely collapse annotator disagreement into majority vote labels before tr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Categorizing Mathematical Concepts with LLM Voting Ensembles in Mathswitch

arXiv:2606.28815v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mathswitch is an open-source project that imports mathematical concept records from sources such as Wikidata,

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

HARD-KV: Head-Adaptive Regularization for Decoding-time KV Compression

arXiv:2606.28831v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-context LLM inference faces a fundamental conflict: head-adaptive compression algorithms (e.g., Top-$p$ n

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Fisher-Routed Mixture of Experts for Federated Class-Incremental Learning

arXiv:2606.28835v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated Learning (FL) emerged as a promising distributed machine learning paradigm. However, extending FL to

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

LAMP: Lean-based Agentic framework with MCP and Proof Repair

arXiv:2606.28841v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are increasingly capable of mathematical reasoning, but the proofs they generate are oft

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

The Heterogeneous Safety Impacts of Benign Multilingual Fine-Tuning

arXiv:2606.28843v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fine-tuning a large language model is a ubiquitous method for enhancing its capability on a specific downstrea

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Exploring the Value of Diverse LLM Explanations in Introductory Programming

arXiv:2606.28882v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown the potential to generate code explanations that surpass those of peer

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Latent Bridges for Multi-Table Question Answering

arXiv:2606.28916v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce GRAB, a constructor-encoder-bridge pipeline for table question answering. Our method lifts relati

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

DLR: Zero-Inference-Cost Latent Residuals for Low-Rank Pre-Training

arXiv:2606.28932v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models have driven recent progress in language and multimodal AI, yet pre-training them at scal

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Evidence-Based Text-Conditioned 3D CT Synthesis for Ovarian Cancer

arXiv:2606.28980v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ovarian cancer is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, making preoperative contrast-enhanced computed to

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Compositional Dynamics in Learning and Mechanics

arXiv:2606.28984v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We give a single compositional setting in which gradient-based learning and Hamiltonian-style mechanics appear

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Fine-Tuning General-Purpose Large Language Models for Agricultural Applications:A Reproducible Framework and Evaluation Protocol Based on Qwen3-8B

arXiv:2606.28992v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: General-purpose large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong abilities in opendomain question answeri

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Arbitrary Reduction of Validation Error for AI Decision Tests using Homomorphic AI and Repetition Codes

arXiv:2606.28994v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents new results and breakthrough obtained with the HbHAI techniques (Hash-based Homomorphic Ar

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Reward-Free Code Alignment from Pretrained or Fine-Tuned LLM: Unpacking the Trade-offs for Code Generation

arXiv:2606.28998v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) alignment trains an LLM using preference data to produce outputs that better meet e

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

BERTomelo: Your Portuguese Encoder Best Friend

arXiv:2606.28999v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Encoders have become the state of the art for multiple NLP tasks, especially those requiring deep contextual u

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Efficient Spatio-Temporal Grounding with Multimodal Large Models via Second-Level Tracking and RL Verification

arXiv:2606.29023v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Spatio-temporal grounding in long videos requires precise temporal localization and robust object tracking con

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

How to Leverage Synthetic Speech for LLM-Based ASR Systems?

arXiv:2606.29031v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In regulated domains such as banking and healthcare, where privacy constraints make real speech costly to coll

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

The strength of clinical evidence is recoverable from language model representations but not from their stated grades

arXiv:2606.29034v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly summarize clinical evidence, where a claim's weight depends on how s

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Flow Matching in Feature Space for Stochastic World Modeling

arXiv:2606.29059v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World modeling requires forecasting uncertain futures while preserving information useful for downstream perce

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

A Comparative Study on Affective Cues in Text Embeddings Across Psychological Emotion Theories

arXiv:2606.29068v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text encoders are known for their utility in natural language processing, as they are able to efficiently comp

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago

Diff-Based Code Corruption using LLMs for Large-Scale Bugfix Benchmarking

arXiv:2606.29088v2 Announce Type: cross Abstract: There are various benchmarks to evaluate bugfixing capabilities of Large Language Models. However, most widesp