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Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

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LLM Foundations

Explain how transformers generate text

Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts

LLM Engineering

Call LLM APIs with function/tool use

Fine-tuning LLMs

Prepare fine-tuning datasets

Multimodal LLMs

Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

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ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

RADIO1D: Elastic Representations for Condensed Vision Modeling

arXiv:2607.03624v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper challenges the assumption that vision-language models (VLMs) require fixed patch-based 2D vision fe

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

An AI-Assisted Solution to the Signed BAR Conjecture: Uniqueness in the Harrison--Reiman Class and a Completely-$\mathcal{S}$ Class Obstruction

arXiv:2607.03639v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: For a multidimensional reflected diffusion, determining whether the associated basic adjoint relationship (BAR

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Revealing Hidden Model Behaviors with Task-Specific Self-Reports

arXiv:2607.03640v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fine-tuning can give a language model a hidden behavior--it may give false answers under a narrow condition, o

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Moonstone: A Multimodal Foundation Model and Benchmark for Lunar Remote Sensing

arXiv:2607.03644v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Decades of orbital missions have produced multi-modal remote sensing data for the Moon, spanning optical image

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

ELiTeFormer: An Efficient Transformer for FPGAs

arXiv:2607.03652v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Transformer blocks are prevalent in large language model (LLM) but present deployment challenges due to their

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

ViPo-MLLM: Visual-Pose Multimodal LLM for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation

arXiv:2607.03657v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Gloss-free Sign Language Translation (SLT) translates sign language videos into spoken-language sentences with

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Attending to Multimodal Generation One Token at a Time

arXiv:2607.03738v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generate responses autoregressively, integrating visual and linguisti

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

EmCom-Diffusion: Probing Visual Reflection in Emergent Languages via Image Generation

arXiv:2607.03752v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Measuring the extent to which emergent languages encode the visual content of their inputs is an open problem.

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

FedACT: Federated Adaptive Coordinate Trust Modulation for Robust Transformer Training under Data Heterogeneity

arXiv:2607.03763v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated Transformer training increasingly relies on local AdamW, whose adaptive updates can provide much str

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Foundations of Equivariant Deep Learning: Unifying Graph and Sheaf Neural Networks

arXiv:2607.03798v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Symmetry is everywhere in nature and society. Geometric deep learning exploits symmetries in data to improve t

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Punching Above Their Weight: Classification-Head Fine-Tuning of Tiny Language Models (TLMs) for Verifiable Multiple-Choice Tasks

arXiv:2607.03801v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We define Tiny Language Models (TLMs) as models below roughly 3B parameters that fit on mainstream consumer de

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Probing Low-Level Acoustic Attribute Encoding in CLAP Audio Embeddings

arXiv:2607.03806v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Audio foundation models are widely adopted as general-purpose feature extractors, yet the internal structure o

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Q-TriM: Question-Guided Tri-Modal Attention for Audio-Visual Question Answering

arXiv:2607.03825v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Audio-Visual Question Answering (AVQA) extends classical VQA by requiring joint reasoning over video and synch

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

How Do Diffusion Classifiers Decide? A Bias-Centric Evaluation

arXiv:2607.03831v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion models have recently been repurposed for zero-shot classification, giving rise to diffusion classifi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Beyond Static Rules: Automated Discovery of Latent Vulnerabilities in Text-to-SQL

arXiv:2607.03833v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in Text-to-SQL tasks, their deployment in

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

When Simpler Is Better: Evaluating Translation Pipelines for Medieval Latin Manuscripts

arXiv:2607.03836v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Despite remarkable progress in machine translation, Vision Language Models (VLMs) struggle on historical manus

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

High-Fidelity One-Step Generative Visuomotor Policy via Recursive Correction, Frequency Consistency, and Contrastive Flow Matching

arXiv:2607.03865v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative models such as diffusion and flow matching have advanced robotic visuomotor policies by modeling mu

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Next-Gen Sponsored Search: Crafting the Perfect Query with Inventory-Aware RAG (InvAwr-RAG) Based GenAI

arXiv:2607.03880v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sponsored search plays a crucial role in e-commerce revenue generation, where advertisers strategically bid on

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Consistent but Miscalibrated: Evaluating LLM Limitations for Risk Communication in Natural Language

arXiv:2607.03882v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLMs are increasingly deployed as post-hoc explainers of AI-generated outputs, yet it remains unclear whether

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Enhancement of E-commerce Sponsored Search Relevancy with LLM

arXiv:2607.03886v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sponsored search plays a crucial role as a revenue stream for search engines, wherein advertisers competitivel

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Advanced Topic Modeling Techniques for Categorizing Software Vulnerabilities

arXiv:2607.03887v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The increasing complexity and frequency of software vulnerabilities demand efficient methods to analyze and pr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

TokAN: Accent Normalization Using Self-Supervised Speech Tokens

arXiv:2607.03928v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accent normalization (AN) seeks to convert non-native (L2) accented speech into standard (L1) speech while pre

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Probe, Don't Prompt: A Hidden-State Probe for Metadata Filtering in Multi-Meta-RAG

arXiv:2607.03929v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-Meta-RAG improves retrieval for multi-hop question answering by filtering a vector store on metadata (th

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

MPSelectTune: Prompt-type Selection for Fine-tuning improves Concept Unlearning in LLMs

arXiv:2607.03932v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLMs can be conveniently adapted to a diverse set of tasks, e.g, prediction, question-answering tasks, etc, us

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

NormWorlds-CF: Solver-Verified Counterfactual Normative Reasoning with Metamorphic-Relation GRPO

arXiv:2607.03957v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language models can reach the right normative verdict for the wrong reason. We introduce NormWorlds-CF, a solv

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Worldscape-MoE: A Unified Mixture-of-Experts World Model for Scalable Heterogeneous Action Control

arXiv:2607.03964v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models are rapidly becoming a core infrastructure for embodied intelligence and interactive agents: they

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Scalable Semantic Steering of Embedding Projections

arXiv:2607.03978v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Low-dimensional projections support interactive visual analysis of high-dimensional data embeddings, but their

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

BanglaMemeEvidence: A Multimodal Benchmark Dataset for Explanatory Evidence Detection in Bengali Memes

arXiv:2607.03981v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Memes have become influential communication tools on social media, combining viral visuals with concise messag

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

NouveauVoice: Generating Novel Pseudo Speakers for Voice Anonymization

arXiv:2607.03985v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Advanced neural technologies in speech synthesis and voice conversion (VC) have introduced severe risks to per

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Full Glyph Images Beat Token Embeddings: A Controlled Study for Transformers

arXiv:2607.03994v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern language models generally represent text as sequences of discrete token embeddings, an assumption deepl

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Separating Representation from Reconstruction Enables Scalable Text Encoders

arXiv:2607.04011v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While decoders have rapidly scaled, encoders have remained largely unchanged since BERT. We revisit this dispa

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Telescope: Improving Zero Shot Detection of LLM Generated Content By Measuring Token Repetition Probability

arXiv:2607.04061v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Distinguishing Large Language Model (LLM) generated text from human writing is a critical and difficult challe

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Speaker-Disentangled Chunk-Wise Regression for Syllabic Tokenization

arXiv:2607.04064v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Unsupervised syllabic tokenization aims to learn discrete syllabic tokens that capture latent linguistic conte

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Beyond Multilingual Averages: MTEB-PT, a Benchmark for Portuguese Sentence Encoders

arXiv:2607.04071v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Portuguese remains underrepresented in text embedding evaluation, despite being one of the most widely spoken

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Benchmarking API Drift in LLM-Generated Quantum Code Across Successive SDK Versions

arXiv:2607.04072v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models can generate plausible quantum code, but it is unclear whether they can reliably target

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Seeing Once is Enough? Online Geometry-Aware Token Pruning for 3D Question Answering

arXiv:2607.04079v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on 2D question answe

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Submitted and Diagnostic Analysis of Full-Text Temporal Retrieval for LongEval-Sci

arXiv:2607.04088v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LongEval-Sci evaluates scientific retrieval under collection change, where a system should be effective on the

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

DynaVieW: Schema-Guided World Modeling for Understanding Hierarchical Visual Dynamics

arXiv:2607.04112v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal LLMs struggle to systematically model the temporal evolution of visual scenes in videos or multi-im

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Parametric Memory Decoding for Zero-Shot Routing in LoRA-Based External Parametric Memory

arXiv:2607.04118v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: With the rise of parametric memory, LoRA-based External Parametric Memory (EPM) has emerged as a modular solut

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

SeeMe: Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Effective Visual Token Engineering

arXiv:2607.04163v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in visual understanding tasks such as i

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

CritiqueDriveVLM: From Verifier-Guided Reinforcement Learning to Latent Thought Distillation for Autonomous Driving

arXiv:2607.04179v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: End-to-end Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show immense potential in autonomous driving. However, standard Super

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Detecting Hallucinations in Retrieval-Augmented Generation through Grounding-Aware Sensitivity by Perturbation (GASP)

arXiv:2607.04223v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) reduces but does not eliminate hallucination, and existing detectors retu

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

HALO-WA: Hybrid-Attention Latent-Guided Online Reinforcement Learning for World-Action Models

arXiv:2607.04265v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World-action (WA) models can generate long-horizon action chunks for general-purpose robotic manipulation, but

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

LBR: Towards Mitigating Length Bias in Large Language Models for Recommendation

arXiv:2607.04270v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have recently emerged as powerful backbones for recommender systems by reformulat

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Self-Reference in Large Language Models: The Introspection Threshold for Recursive Self-Improvement

arXiv:2607.04277v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The pursuit of self-evolving AI raises a critical question: when is autonomous self-improvement sustainable ra

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

Risk-Constrained Freshness-Aware Semantic Caching for Open-Web Retrieval-Augmented LLMs

arXiv:2607.04281v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Semantic caching reduces the latency and cost of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) by serving cached answer

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

CausalGame: Benchmarking Causal Thinking of LLM Agents in Games

arXiv:2607.04293v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Building AI Scientist agents with Large Language Models (LLMs) has recently attracted growing attention. Since

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3d ago

HiFA4: Training-Free 4-bit FlashAttention on Ascend HIF4 NPUs for LLM Inference

arXiv:2607.04302v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present HiFA4, a post-training operator-level design that executes both QK^T and PV in FlashAttention as 4-