Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

19,748
lessons
Skills in this topic
View full skill map →
ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data
All Reads (11,436) Articles (5025)Blog Posts (2328)Tutorials (987)Research Papers (2738)News (358)
Python Syntax Is Easy. Designing Reliable Program Flow Is the Real Skill.
Dev.to · Zestminds Academy 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Python Syntax Is Easy. Designing Reliable Program Flow Is the Real Skill.
Python has a reputation for being simple. And at the syntax level, that reputation is fair. You...
Feature Engineering is Not Just “Cleaning Data”: What I Learned While Building a Real ML Pipeline
Dev.to · Vineet Chauhan 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Feature Engineering is Not Just “Cleaning Data”: What I Learned While Building a Real ML Pipeline
Most machine learning tutorials make preprocessing look straightforward. Handle missing...
Tuples in Python (something I almost ignored)
Dev.to · still-purrfect 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Tuples in Python (something I almost ignored)
I recently shared what I learned about lists, and while I was getting comfortable with them, I came...
QAT vs PTQ on our edge vision model: 6 months of A/B data
Dev.to · Marco Rinaldi 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
QAT vs PTQ on our edge vision model: 6 months of A/B data
TL;DR: We ran post-training quantisation (PTQ) and quantisation-aware training (QAT) side by side on...
LeetCode Alternatives in 2026: What Actually Helps You Land a Job
Dev.to · pickuma 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
LeetCode Alternatives in 2026: What Actually Helps You Land a Job
I worked through 4 LeetCode alternatives over 3 months while job-hunting. Here's which ones translated to passing actual interviews, which were a waste of time,
Free Programming Courses That Don't Suck: A Career-Changer's Curated List
Dev.to · pickuma 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Free Programming Courses That Don't Suck: A Career-Changer's Curated List
I worked through 30+ free programming resources during a career change. These 9 were genuinely good — the rest were marketing or low-effort YouTube content padd
Best MCP Server Directories for Developers
Dev.to · Mrunank Pawar 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Best MCP Server Directories for Developers
This blog was originally published on Descope. The Model Context Protocol (MCP) has quickly...
Tensors Explained Part 1: How AI Systems Represent Data
Dev.to · Rijul Rajesh 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Tensors Explained Part 1: How AI Systems Represent Data
In this article, we will explore the concept of tensors in the context of machine learning. From the...
Backtested vs Real-time: Why Some AI Models Break in Production
Dev.to · Stock Expert AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Backtested vs Real-time: Why Some AI Models Break in Production
Backtested vs real-time: why some AI models break in production
Stacks en entrevistas técnicas: 3 problemas resueltos paso a paso
Dev.to · Axel Espinosa 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Stacks en entrevistas técnicas: 3 problemas resueltos paso a paso
Cuando empecé a resolver problemas de LeetCode cada uno se sentía como un mundo nuevo. Me costó un...
How Neural Networks Actually Work — A Thread for Curious Minds
Dev.to · Md Imtiyaz Ahmed 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
How Neural Networks Actually Work — A Thread for Curious Minds
Everything starts from something you already know: y = mx + c That's just a line. But stack enough...
Automating Incident Response at the Network Edge with Low-Latency ML
Dev.to · Andrei Toma 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Automating Incident Response at the Network Edge with Low-Latency ML
Learn how to eliminate latency lag in incident response by deploying low-latency ML models at the network edge using HookProbe’s AI-native NAPSE engine.
Apache Airflow Interview Questions: DAGs, Operators, Sensors, XComs & Schedulers
Dev.to · Gowtham Potureddi 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Apache Airflow Interview Questions: DAGs, Operators, Sensors, XComs & Schedulers
apache airflow interview questions dominate the orchestration round in every senior data engineering...
Encoding in Machine Learning Explained
Dev.to · Musungu (Ruth) Ambogo 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Encoding in Machine Learning Explained
Introduction In machine learning, data preprocessing plays a critical role in building...
Python 101 a Comprehensive Guide
Dev.to · Musungu (Ruth) Ambogo 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Python 101 a Comprehensive Guide
Introduction Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language that was developed...
I built a satellite pass quality forecaster using NOAA space weather data and Skyfield — here's how it works
Dev.to · Nilabh Jyoti Kalita 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
I built a satellite pass quality forecaster using NOAA space weather data and Skyfield — here's how it works
How I combined orbital mechanics, real-time NOAA space weather data, and ionospheric TEC into a composite 0-100 pass quality score for ground station operators.
Building a Card Game AI with Reinforcement Learning — Implementation Details#2
Dev.to · hiyoyo 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Building a Card Game AI with Reinforcement Learning — Implementation Details#2
Introduction This is a follow-up to my previous article. If you haven't read it yet, check...
How to estimate battery runtime from Wh, DoD, efficiency, and load
Dev.to · Temur Khasanov 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
How to estimate battery runtime from Wh, DoD, efficiency, and load
Battery runtime estimates are usually simple in structure but easy to overstate. A useful first-pass...
Built a Sentiment Analysis Web App – My First Full-Stack ML Project
Dev.to · Elchin Nasirov 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Built a Sentiment Analysis Web App – My First Full-Stack ML Project
Hey dev.to 👋 After spending a month learning Machine Learning through Andrew Ng’s specialization, I...
How to Brier-grade your own ML option-pricing forecasts in 40 lines of Python
Dev.to · connerlambden 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
How to Brier-grade your own ML option-pricing forecasts in 40 lines of Python
A walkthrough of one recipe from a new open-source cookbook for the Helium MCP REST surface. Log a model's prob_itm forecast today, append the realized outcome
I built a Rust inference engine that streams MoE expert weights from NVMe SSDs, no GPU required
Dev.to · Randy AP 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
I built a Rust inference engine that streams MoE expert weights from NVMe SSDs, no GPU required
Most people trying to run Mixtral or DeepSeek-V3 locally hit the same wall: they don't have 80GB of...
Your Pipeline Is 25.0h Behind: Catching Finance Sentiment Leads with Pulsebit
Dev.to · Pulsebit News Sentiment API 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Your Pipeline Is 25.0h Behind: Catching Finance Sentiment Leads with Pulsebit
Your Pipeline Is 25.0h Behind: Catching Finance Sentiment Leads with Pulsebit We just...
The Real Cost of Bad Data in AI Systems
Dev.to · Max Othex 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The Real Cost of Bad Data in AI Systems
Most companies launching AI projects worry about model selection, compute costs, and integration...
Why Hybrid Metaheuristics Still Beat “Smarter” AI in Real-World Optimization
Dev.to · Aysha Sohail 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Why Hybrid Metaheuristics Still Beat “Smarter” AI in Real-World Optimization
Most people think optimization is about “making models smarter.” In reality, it’s often about making...
Day 2 of Python Learning 🐍
Dev.to · Vairavan 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Day 2 of Python Learning 🐍
Last day, we learned terminal basics, conditional statements, how to use Boolean datatype in Python,...
Python Program to Double Flowers in Each Temple
Dev.to · Athithya Sivasankarar 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Python Program to Double Flowers in Each Temple
Problem Statement A devotee starts with 1 flower and visits 7 temples. At each temple, the number of...
The AI Development Life Cycle (AIDLC): Why Your ML Projects Need More Than SDLC
Dev.to · ke yi 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The AI Development Life Cycle (AIDLC): Why Your ML Projects Need More Than SDLC
If you've ever shipped a machine learning model to production, you know the feeling. Everything works...
The Machine Learning Engineering Series
Dev.to · Michellebuchiokonicha 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The Machine Learning Engineering Series
Part 1: From Scratch to Systems . This machine learning series will be a real ride. It’s...
Quick Tip: Benchmarking Multimodal APIs in Under 10 Minutes
Dev.to · RileyKim 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Quick Tip: Benchmarking Multimodal APIs in Under 10 Minutes
Look, I’m a backend engineer. I don’t have time to read through 40 pages of model cards before...
I Built a Diagnostic Toolkit for PyTorch Because I Was Tired of Guessing Why Models Fail
Dev.to · Aditya Mehra 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
I Built a Diagnostic Toolkit for PyTorch Because I Was Tired of Guessing Why Models Fail
Every time a PyTorch model refuses to learn, the debugging process looks the same: Stare at the...
Similarity Search for Failure Diagnosis
Dev.to · Pedro Santos 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Similarity Search for Failure Diagnosis
Similarity Search for Failure Diagnosis In the previous post, I showed how every saga...
Python Week 3: We Stopped Repeating Ourselves (Loops!)
Dev.to · Navas Herbert 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Python Week 3: We Stopped Repeating Ourselves (Loops!)
I started this session with a challenge. "Jose," I said, "print the names of all 40 students in...
I Built a Multilingual Spam Detection Dataset with 149K+ Messages Across 23 Languages
Dev.to · Arjun M 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
I Built a Multilingual Spam Detection Dataset with 149K+ Messages Across 23 Languages
Spam detection datasets are surprisingly bad once you move outside English. Most public datasets...
Construyendo un recomendador de películas en Python: de los datos al modelo
Dev.to · Alberto Martinez 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Construyendo un recomendador de películas en Python: de los datos al modelo
Introducción Los sistemas de recomendación están presentes en muchas plataformas...
Why MLFQ Was Way Ahead of Its Time
Dev.to · N Satyadev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Why MLFQ Was Way Ahead of Its Time
Enough with the unga bunga puny algorithms.. did you know there exists an scheduling algorithm that...
I'm not an ML engineer. I built one anyway.
Dev.to · Mohamed Zrouga 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
I'm not an ML engineer. I built one anyway.
Not because I wanted to — but because every tool I tried on ARM edge devices either needed the cloud,...
Python as a JavaScript Dev
Dev.to · dzaeltic 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Python as a JavaScript Dev
This blog is an introduction to Python, and it assumes that you have a good knowledge of JavaScript...
Inference Is Becoming the New Steady-State Cost Center
Dev.to · NTCTech 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Inference Is Becoming the New Steady-State Cost Center
Training was a bounded investment event. Inference is an unbounded operational residency...
BeautifulSoup and Requests for Web Scraping With Python: When Simple Still Works
Dev.to · Annabelle 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
BeautifulSoup and Requests for Web Scraping With Python: When Simple Still Works
Not every data collection workflow requires browser automation or complex network impersonation. For...
Quantising event-camera networks to run under 1MB on a Cortex-M7
Dev.to · Marco Rinaldi 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Quantising event-camera networks to run under 1MB on a Cortex-M7
TL;DR: I shrunk a gesture-recognition model for a Prophesee EVK4 event camera from 4.2MB down to...
The Interview Prep Stack I Used as a Senior Software Engineer Targeting Big Tech
Dev.to · Emily Davis 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The Interview Prep Stack I Used as a Senior Software Engineer Targeting Big Tech
Preparing for senior software engineering interviews at big tech is not just about solving LeetCode...
Principal Components in TypeScript (Part 4)
Dev.to · bitanath 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Principal Components in TypeScript (Part 4)
This is part four of a series Principal Components in TypeScript and focuses on the application of...
Building a Data Drift Detection Framework in Python with Statistical Rigor
Dev.to · Haji Rufai 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Building a Data Drift Detection Framework in Python with Statistical Rigor
Data drift — the silent killer of ML models and data pipelines. Your model worked perfectly in...
Model Routing Cost Checklist: Hosted APIs, Open Models, Or Self-Hosted Inference?
Dev.to · Yash Pritwani 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Model Routing Cost Checklist: Hosted APIs, Open Models, Or Self-Hosted Inference?
Originally published on TechSaaS Cloud Originally published on TechSaaS Cloud Model...
Principal Components in TypeScript (Part 3)
Dev.to · bitanath 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Principal Components in TypeScript (Part 3)
This is part three of a series Principal Components in TypeScript and focuses on the application of...
**Machine Learning: The Future of Intelligent Systems**
Dev.to · Talha Yeasin Antor 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
**Machine Learning: The Future of Intelligent Systems**
Machine learning, a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), has been gaining significant attention in...
🔬 Direction 1 closure on JAMES — when the hypothesis fails but the data turns "7-tier monotonic natural-stop gradient"
Dev.to · Hashevolution 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
🔬 Direction 1 closure on JAMES — when the hypothesis fails but the data turns "7-tier monotonic natural-stop gradient"
G Two weeks ago I shipped core/reasoning/budget.py to test whether per-call dynamic token budgets...
Simon Willison's Blog 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
datasette 1.0a30
Release: datasette 1.0a30 The big new feature in this alpha is a new customizable "Jump to..." menu, described in detail in The extensible "Jump to" menu in Dat