Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

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ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data
All Reads (4,816) Articles (2625)Blog Posts (866)Tutorials (675)Research Papers (644)News (6)
The Feature Store: Consistency and Latency Are Both Non-Negotiable
Dev.to · Ken W Alger 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The Feature Store: Consistency and Latency Are Both Non-Negotiable
Part 3 of 5 in the series: When Your AI Pipeline Grows Up In the previous post, we worked through...
Overcoming Challenges and Applying Best Practices in Migrating Large JavaScript Codebases to TypeScript
Dev.to · Jeferson Eiji 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Overcoming Challenges and Applying Best Practices in Migrating Large JavaScript Codebases to TypeScript
Explore the major obstacles and effective strategies for transitioning a large JavaScript project to TypeScript with real examples.
LeNet-5: A Visual Guide
Dev.to · Sergiy Bondaryev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
LeNet-5: A Visual Guide
An interactive guide to the neural network that learned to read handwritten digits. Draw a digit and...
Keyless Deep Learning Steganography: Replacing Spread Spectrum Keys with CNNs 🕵️‍♂️
Dev.to · Anjasfedo 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Keyless Deep Learning Steganography: Replacing Spread Spectrum Keys with CNNs 🕵️‍♂️
Imagine hiding a secret message inside the high-frequency details of an image, transmitting it, and...
The Synthetic Data Trap: When It Helps, When It Lies
Dev.to · The Forward Pass 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The Synthetic Data Trap: When It Helps, When It Lies
This article originally appeared in The Forward Pass, a weekly newsletter for ML engineers who ship....
Optuna Tutorial: Automate Hyperparameter Tuning for ML Models in Python
Dev.to · pickuma 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Optuna Tutorial: Automate Hyperparameter Tuning for ML Models in Python
How Optuna's define-by-run API, TPE sampler, and pruners automate hyperparameter tuning for scikit-learn, PyTorch, and TensorFlow models, with runnable Python c
Optimizing Cement Kiln Heat Consumption: A Process Engineer’s Python Approach
Dev.to · Aminuddin M Khan 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Optimizing Cement Kiln Heat Consumption: A Process Engineer’s Python Approach
For over three decades, my world revolved around the deafening roar of industrial fans, the intense...
Cx Dev Log — 2026-05-07
Dev.to · COMMENTERTHE9 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Cx Dev Log — 2026-05-07
JIT Backend: Cracking the Realness Code Back-edge sealing, assert native lowering, and functional...
Mutation Testing as Architecture Enforcement: Infection in 2026
Dev.to · Gabriel Anhaia 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Mutation Testing as Architecture Enforcement: Infection in 2026
92% coverage means nothing if half your assertions are assertTrue(true). Infection mutates your domain and tells you which tests don't actually test.
Why I Chose Hard Math Over AI for a 38,000 Ticker Financial Engine
Dev.to · Alex Vance 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Why I Chose Hard Math Over AI for a 38,000 Ticker Financial Engine
A technical look at building a deterministic compounding engine with Next.js 15, handling tax-drag logic, and why LLMs are the wrong tool for financial forecast
Recursion Isn’t Hard. The Call Stack Is Invisible
Dev.to · N Satyadev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Recursion Isn’t Hard. The Call Stack Is Invisible
Ever went through a simple DFS code and went "I would rather beat an old lady with a stick"? That...
I Built an ML-Powered Email Validation API
Dev.to · Ozhaya 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
I Built an ML-Powered Email Validation API
I built an ML model using XGBoost to catch auto-generated disposable emails when blacklists can't...
Python Sentiment Analysis: From Basics to BERT
Dev.to · MD Shahinur Rahman 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Python Sentiment Analysis: From Basics to BERT
` Imagine opening your laptop and seeing 5,000 product reviews, hundreds of support tickets, and a...
Your benchmarks are lying to you, and your judge is to blame!
Dev.to · Tessl 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Your benchmarks are lying to you, and your judge is to blame!
Last week I published a benchmark comparing six models across eleven agent skills. The numbers in...
What AI Really Is — From Turing Test to Deep Learning
Dev.to · zeromathai 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
What AI Really Is — From Turing Test to Deep Learning
AI is not just chatbots or neural networks. It is a long-running attempt to answer one...
How RNNs Work — Remembering Previous States in Sequential Data
Dev.to · zeromathai 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
How RNNs Work — Remembering Previous States in Sequential Data
A normal neural network treats each input mostly as a fixed snapshot. But many problems are not...
Class Imbalance — Deep Dive + Problem: Normalize Image
Dev.to · pixelbank dev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Class Imbalance — Deep Dive + Problem: Normalize Image
A daily deep dive into ml topics, coding problems, and platform features from PixelBank. ...
Creating a super-efficient Valid Palindrome algorithm in C#
Dev.to · Assis Zang 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Creating a super-efficient Valid Palindrome algorithm in C#
First, do you know what a Palindrome is? No? So, according to the first Google result: A palindrome...
What Production ML Systems Taught Me About AI Hallucinations
Dev.to · Mansi Somayajula 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
What Production ML Systems Taught Me About AI Hallucinations
Most discussions about AI hallucinations stay at the chatbot level. “ChatGPT made up a legal...
Predictive operations for BFSI Banking: delay prediction, risk scoring, leakage prevention, and recovery
Dev.to · Ananthapathmanabhan A 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Predictive operations for BFSI Banking: delay prediction, risk scoring, leakage prevention, and recovery
Predictive operations for BFSI Banking: delay prediction, risk scoring, leakage prevention, and...
Is Python High Level Or Low Level?
Dev.to · Aaron Maxwell 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Is Python High Level Or Low Level?
Imagine you need to fill a list with square numbers - or more complex objects, but we'll just use...
Python Logging Levels
Dev.to · Maksym 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Python Logging Levels
Python’s standard logging library uses a numeric severity system to filter log messages. When you set...
Exactly-Once Streaming: Kafka + Flink Best Practices
Dev.to · beefed.ai 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Exactly-Once Streaming: Kafka + Flink Best Practices
Implement exactly-once processing with Kafka and Flink: transactions, checkpointing, idempotent sinks, and testing to prevent duplicates or data loss.
From BASIC to Modern Dev: My Path Into Programming
Dev.to · David Schuster 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
From BASIC to Modern Dev: My Path Into Programming
Programmer, Coder, Developer. I’ve always believed that every developer has an origin story. Some...
Algoverse AI Research: Why the ML Community Calls It a Paper Mill
Dev.to · pickuma 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Algoverse AI Research: Why the ML Community Calls It a Paper Mill
An OpenReview profile with 158 papers and 468 coauthors led r/MachineLearning to expose Algoverse, a paid program selling ML research authorship to high schoole
Scraping dynamic pages with Python, Playwright and AWS Lambda
Dev.to · Łukasz Żmudziński 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Scraping dynamic pages with Python, Playwright and AWS Lambda
A practical guide to scraping dynamic JavaScript-heavy pages with Python, Playwright, and AWS Lambda, then saving scheduled parquet snapshots to S3.
ML-KEM Is Already In Your Browser. Here's How It Actually Works.
Dev.to · Niklas 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
ML-KEM Is Already In Your Browser. Here's How It Actually Works.
A deep-dive into ML-KEM (FIPS 203), the post-quantum key exchange now shipping in Chrome, AWS, and the Linux kernel. Rings, lattices, MLWE, Encaps, Decaps, and
The Boring AI Is the Right AI
Dev.to · André Ahlert 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The Boring AI Is the Right AI
At the AI Engineer Summit 2025 in New York, the mantra that got repeated from stage after stage was...
Merge Sort vs Bubble Sort — Why 800 Comparisons Beats 147 Every Time
Dev.to · Amar Gul 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Merge Sort vs Bubble Sort — Why 800 Comparisons Beats 147 Every Time
Most developers know Merge Sort is faster than Bubble Sort. But watching it happen makes the...
LeetCode Solution: 20. Valid Parentheses
Dev.to · Vansh Aggarwal 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
LeetCode Solution: 20. Valid Parentheses
The Great Parentheses Puzzle: Cracking LeetCode 20 with Stacks! Hey there, future coding...
Blocking Secrets Before They Hit the Repository: Building a Pre-Commit Hook With ML
Dev.to · Patience Mpofu 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Blocking Secrets Before They Hit the Repository: Building a Pre-Commit Hook With ML
here are two places you can catch an exposed secret. After it's in the repository — in a CI/CD...
Bigger AI models aren't always better. Here's how to actually choose.
Dev.to · Rohini Gaonkar 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Bigger AI models aren't always better. Here's how to actually choose.
In the previous post, I showed you two models answering the same question. One hallucinated...
Building a Production MCP Server in TypeScript: 5 Gotchas the Tutorials Skip
Dev.to · Andrew Vaughey 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Building a Production MCP Server in TypeScript: 5 Gotchas the Tutorials Skip
The Model Context Protocol went from ~2M monthly SDK downloads at launch in November 2024 to...
Visualizing Why Standardization Changes Decision Boundaries
Dev.to · hqqqqy 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Visualizing Why Standardization Changes Decision Boundaries
My SVM decision boundary looked perfect until I forgot to scale one feature. Here's a visual explanation of why standardization matters for classification.
Building Shruthi Bandhu: How We Engineered an AI Gesture Tool for the Deaf-Mute Community (And Won the Vishwakarma Awards)
Dev.to · SHAIK TAUFEEQ AHMAD 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Building Shruthi Bandhu: How We Engineered an AI Gesture Tool for the Deaf-Mute Community (And Won the Vishwakarma Awards)
Some wins take time. Over the past year, I’ve walked out of innovation halls with more lessons than...
Deterministic OCR in JavaScript: PaddleOCR for Node, Bun, Deno, and the Browser
Dev.to · Awal Ariansyah 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Deterministic OCR in JavaScript: PaddleOCR for Node, Bun, Deno, and the Browser
A fast, lightweight PaddleOCR SDK that runs in every JavaScript runtime. Built on PP-OCRv5 and ONNX Runtime, with WebGPU acceleration, INT8 quantization, and 40
Out of curiosity, how did a lot of you start?
Dev.to · libre-main 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Out of curiosity, how did a lot of you start?
Being as new to this world as I am, I want to know how other people started out in computer sciences...
Retries and Idempotency in AI Pipelines: A Guide to Error Handling
Dev.to · Mustafa ERBAY 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Retries and Idempotency in AI Pipelines: A Guide to Error Handling
AI-based systems, especially pipelines running in production, constantly carry the risk of errors. I...
Tech Talks Weekly #104
Dev.to · Tech Talks Weekly 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Tech Talks Weekly #104
Happy Thursday 👋 and a warm welcome to Tech Talks Weekly #104! It's been a big week for the Java...
Replacing Lodash with Native ES2026: groupBy, fromAsync, toReversed, and 5 More
Dev.to · RAXXO Studios 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Replacing Lodash with Native ES2026: groupBy, fromAsync, toReversed, and 5 More
Lodash adds about 70KB minified, ES2026 covers most utility uses with zero...
DIY Search Engine: Complete Stack for Under €30
Dev.to · James 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
DIY Search Engine: Complete Stack for Under €30
Building a Self-Hosted Search Engine for Under €30/Month You don't need Google's...
Deploy a Real‑Time Object Detection API with YOLOv8 & FastAPI
Dev.to · Lich Priest 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Deploy a Real‑Time Object Detection API with YOLOv8 & FastAPI
Step‑by‑step guide to train a custom YOLOv8 model, containerize it with Docker, and serve low‑latency predictions via FastAPI
Why Do Data Teams Use AI to Write Code but Not to Monitor Pipelines?
Dev.to · Blaine Elliott 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Why Do Data Teams Use AI to Write Code but Not to Monitor Pipelines?
dbt's 2026 State of Analytics Engineering found that 72% of data teams prioritize AI-assisted coding, but only 24% prioritize AI-assisted pipeline management. T
68. PCA: Shrinking Data Without Losing Information
Dev.to · Akhilesh 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
68. PCA: Shrinking Data Without Losing Information
You have 100 features. Most of them are correlated. Training is slow. Visualization is impossible....
[CryptoTradingBot] Analyzing 70 Live Trades of My Python Crypto Bot (v8.04 Post-Mortem)
Dev.to · rocketsquirreldev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
[CryptoTradingBot] Analyzing 70 Live Trades of My Python Crypto Bot (v8.04 Post-Mortem)
I’ve been running version 8.04 of my Python-based crypto trading bot live for about a month. Instead...
The 70% Data-Prep Tax in AI Development (and How to Cut It in Half)
Dev.to · A3E Ecosystem 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
The 70% Data-Prep Tax in AI Development (and How to Cut It in Half)
Amershi et al. (2019) studied AI development workflows at Microsoft and reported a now-famous number:...
Simon Willison's Blog 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Quoting Andrew Quinn
One could say in the first quarter-century of my life, that while I was always fascinated by programming, I could never overcome the guilt of not really knowing
Three Detection Paradigms. One Dataset. One Result.
Dev.to · @alonso_isidoro 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Three Detection Paradigms. One Dataset. One Result.
Three Detection Paradigms. One Dataset. One Result. For the last 147 days I’ve been...