Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

11,965
lessons
Skills in this topic
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ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data

Showing 1,204 reads from curated sources

My Experience with Network Anomaly Detection Using 5 Different ML Approaches
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 30m ago
My Experience with Network Anomaly Detection Using 5 Different ML Approaches
Most machine learning projects look flawless on paper: load the data, execute model.fit(), and write the high accuracy score into the… Continue reading on Mediu
My Experience with Network Anomaly Detection Using 5 Different ML Approaches
Medium · Cybersecurity 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 30m ago
My Experience with Network Anomaly Detection Using 5 Different ML Approaches
Most machine learning projects look flawless on paper: load the data, execute model.fit(), and write the high accuracy score into the… Continue reading on Mediu
Sujar Henry on Why Access Still Isn’t Enough in Tech
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 35m ago
Sujar Henry on Why Access Still Isn’t Enough in Tech
He grew an audience by treating machine learning less like a mystery and more like a path that beginners can actually follow. Continue reading on Medium »
The Day I Realized Most Developers Are Learning Python the Wrong Way
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
The Day I Realized Most Developers Are Learning Python the Wrong Way
Why building real systems matters more than finishing tutorials Continue reading on Python in Plain English »
Deterministic OCR in JavaScript: PaddleOCR for Node, Bun, Deno, and the Browser
Dev.to · Awal Ariansyah 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
Deterministic OCR in JavaScript: PaddleOCR for Node, Bun, Deno, and the Browser
A fast, lightweight PaddleOCR SDK that runs in every JavaScript runtime. Built on PP-OCRv5 and ONNX Runtime, with WebGPU acceleration, INT8 quantization, and 40
From Spite to a Double Offer: Data Science Intern at Adobe Research
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
From Spite to a Double Offer: Data Science Intern at Adobe Research
By Anuj Asthana, 23EE10009 Continue reading on Medium »
Out of curiosity, how did a lot of you start?
Dev.to · libre-main 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3h ago
Out of curiosity, how did a lot of you start?
Being as new to this world as I am, I want to know how other people started out in computer sciences...
The Bias-Variance Tradeoff, Explained Without the Math Wall
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 4h ago
The Bias-Variance Tradeoff, Explained Without the Math Wall
Why your model is wrong, and the two completely different reasons it can be wrong. Continue reading on Medium »
Copilot Studio on .NET 10 WebAssembly: The 20% Speedup and the 15% Tradeoff (2026)
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 4h ago
Copilot Studio on .NET 10 WebAssembly: The 20% Speedup and the 15% Tradeoff (2026)
Copilot Studio cut .NET WebAssembly cold-path execution by 20% on .NET 10. The package got 15% bigger. Here’s the real migration math for… Continue reading on D
Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5h ago
Fast and Efficient
Fast and Efficient C is a high-performance language. Programs written in C run very fast because it is close to machine language.. [read more] 2. Foundation of
Retries and Idempotency in AI Pipelines: A Guide to Error Handling
Dev.to · Mustafa ERBAY 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5h ago
Retries and Idempotency in AI Pipelines: A Guide to Error Handling
AI-based systems, especially pipelines running in production, constantly carry the risk of errors. I...
Tech Talks Weekly #104
Dev.to · Tech Talks Weekly 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5h ago
Tech Talks Weekly #104
Happy Thursday 👋 and a warm welcome to Tech Talks Weekly #104! It's been a big week for the Java...
Jetson Orin Nano Super’a JetPack Kurulum Rehberi — Türkçe Kaynak
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6h ago
Jetson Orin Nano Super’a JetPack Kurulum Rehberi — Türkçe Kaynak
Bir araştırmacının notları: Hatalarım, çözümlerim ve öğrendiklerimle… Continue reading on Medium »
Why I Refused to Settle for a 97% Code Score
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6h ago
Why I Refused to Settle for a 97% Code Score
“It works” is no longer the standard. “It is perfect” is the new leaderboard. Continue reading on Medium »
When My Project Started Working Before I Understood It
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6h ago
When My Project Started Working Before I Understood It
What the project expo taught me about the difference between generating systems and understanding them. Continue reading on Medium »
Complete Guide to Linear Algebra Using Python- Part 1- Vectors— The Building Blocks of Data
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6h ago
Complete Guide to Linear Algebra Using Python- Part 1- Vectors— The Building Blocks of Data
0. The Toolkit: Setting Up Your Linear Algebra Lab Continue reading on Medium »
Replacing Lodash with Native ES2026: groupBy, fromAsync, toReversed, and 5 More
Dev.to · RAXXO Studios 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 7h ago
Replacing Lodash with Native ES2026: groupBy, fromAsync, toReversed, and 5 More
Lodash adds about 70KB minified, ES2026 covers most utility uses with zero...
Hypothesis Generation for AI Translation Quality: How To Find What’s Worth Testing
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 8h ago
Hypothesis Generation for AI Translation Quality: How To Find What’s Worth Testing
A hypothesis generation system for AI translation quality does one thing: takes production observational data and outputs a ranked list of… Continue reading on
OpenClaw is Dead
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
OpenClaw is Dead
Why OpenClaw is losing its popularity? Continue reading on Data Science in Your Pocket »
“Introduction to Machine Learning for Students”
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
“Introduction to Machine Learning for Students”
What is Machine Learning? Continue reading on Medium »
“Introduction to Machine Learning for Students”
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
“Introduction to Machine Learning for Students”
What is Machine Learning? Continue reading on Medium »
Understanding mAP Like a Researcher
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
Understanding mAP Like a Researcher
Why object detection evaluation is far more complicated than “accuracy.” Continue reading on Medium »
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
On the Size Complexity and Decidability of First-Order Progression
arXiv:2605.12691v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Progression, the task of updating a knowledge base to reflect action effects, generally requires second-order lo
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
Multimodal Hidden Markov Models for Persistent Emotional State Tracking
arXiv:2605.12838v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tracking an interpretable emotional arc of a conversation via the sentiment of individual utterances processed a
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
GRACE: Gradient-aligned Reasoning Data Curation for Efficient Post-training
arXiv:2605.13130v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing reasoning data curation pipelines score whole samples, treating every intermediate step as equally valu
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
A Constraint Programming Approach for $n$-Day Lookahead Playoff Clinching
arXiv:2605.13142v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In professional sports, a team has clinched the playoffs if they are guaranteed a postseason spot, regardless of
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
Strikingness-Aware Evaluation for Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning
arXiv:2605.13153v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning (TKGR) aims at inferring missing (especially future) events from historical d
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
What properties of reasoning supervision are associated with improved downstream model quality?
arXiv:2605.13290v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Validating training data for reasoning models typically requires expensive trial-and-error fine-tuning cycles. I
DIY Search Engine: Complete Stack for Under €30
Dev.to · James 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 18h ago
DIY Search Engine: Complete Stack for Under €30
Building a Self-Hosted Search Engine for Under €30/Month You don't need Google's...
Introduction to Scikit-Learn Library
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 20h ago
Introduction to Scikit-Learn Library
In the world of machine learning there are several libraries that are used for implementing machine learning algorithms. The core machine… Continue reading on M
Introduction to Scikit-Learn Library
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 20h ago
Introduction to Scikit-Learn Library
In the world of machine learning there are several libraries that are used for implementing machine learning algorithms. The core machine… Continue reading on M
I’m a Software Engineer, and I’ve Never Made It Past 10 LeetCode Problems.
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 20h ago
I’m a Software Engineer, and I’ve Never Made It Past 10 LeetCode Problems.
I bet you can’t name one person in tech who hasn’t heard of LeetCode. Continue reading on Medium »
Installing Python, Pip, and JupyterLab on Ubuntu (Beginner Friendly)
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 20h ago
Installing Python, Pip, and JupyterLab on Ubuntu (Beginner Friendly)
Many beginners run into this issue when setting up Python on Ubuntu: Continue reading on Medium »
I Thought Python Was Simple. Then I Actually Started Building Things.
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 22h ago
I Thought Python Was Simple. Then I Actually Started Building Things.
The unglamorous, chaotic, beautiful truth about learning to develop with Python Continue reading on Medium »
I Thought Python Was Simple. Then I Actually Started Building Things.
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 22h ago
I Thought Python Was Simple. Then I Actually Started Building Things.
The unglamorous, chaotic, beautiful truth about learning to develop with Python Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Branching Sinusoidal Graph (BSG)
Possibly new graph in maths history? Continue reading on Medium »
Reinforcement Learning Breakthrough: AI Designs Faster Ways to Multiply Matrices
Hackernoon 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Reinforcement Learning Breakthrough: AI Designs Faster Ways to Multiply Matrices
AlphaTensor is a DeepMind reinforcement learning system that treats matrix multiplication as a tensor decomposition game and searches for faster algorithms auto
InfoQ AI/ML 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Grafana's Pyroscope 2.0 Makes Continuous Profiling Practical at Scale
Grafana Labs has launched Pyroscope 2.0, a rearchitected open-source continuous profiling database. This version improves storage costs, query performance, and
Embeddings Explained: How AI Understands Meaning and Similarity
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Embeddings Explained: How AI Understands Meaning and Similarity
A beginner-friendly guide to how AI turns text, images, and documents into numbers so it can search, compare, recommend, and understand… Continue reading on Med
Embeddings Explained: How AI Understands Meaning and Similarity
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Embeddings Explained: How AI Understands Meaning and Similarity
A beginner-friendly guide to how AI turns text, images, and documents into numbers so it can search, compare, recommend, and understand… Continue reading on Med
Are Students Learning AI… or Just Learning to Use Tools?
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Are Students Learning AI… or Just Learning to Use Tools?
Are Students Learning AI… or Just Learning to Use Tools? Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Day 18 Part 2: Competitor Intelligence + Trend Detection + Buffer API Breakthrough
Built competitor analyzer (benchmarking 5 competitors, share-of-voice calculation, strategy pattern detection), trend detector (momentum… Continue reading on Me
I’ve Reviewed 200 Pull Requests in Rust. Here Are the 7 Mistakes That Keep Appearing.
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
I’ve Reviewed 200 Pull Requests in Rust. Here Are the 7 Mistakes That Keep Appearing.
Every one of these compiles. That is what makes them hard to catch. Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
The Coherence Web: Why AI Systems Reuse Certain Pathways
AI systems are not simply retrieving information anymore. They are learning which pathways reliably resolve uncertainty. Continue reading on Medium »
Complex-Step Differentiation: Derivatives Without Subtraction Errors
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Complex-Step Differentiation: Derivatives Without Subtraction Errors
A one-character change to the finite difference formula gives you machine-precision derivatives Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
NLP · Machine Learning · Data Science
Build and Explain an NLP Pipeline: From Raw Text to Machine Learning Continue reading on Medium »
What Makes Python in Data Science So Effective for Machine Learning to Improve Project Success?-IABA
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
What Makes Python in Data Science So Effective for Machine Learning to Improve Project Success?-IABA
Today, companies use data to understand what is happening in their business and what may happen next. Continue reading on Medium »
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
A Cascaded Generative Approach for e-Commerce Recommendations
arXiv:2605.11118v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Personalized storefronts in large e-commerce marketplaces are often assembled from many independent components: