Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

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lessons
Skills in this topic
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ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data

Showing 1,211 reads from curated sources

My first primitive skill for my own offline AI setup
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
My first primitive skill for my own offline AI setup
Self-taught AI training part 5 by examples Continue reading on Medium »
I’m a Beginner. I’m Getting Into Competitive Programming Anyway.
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
I’m a Beginner. I’m Getting Into Competitive Programming Anyway.
No experience. No expectations of winning. Just a relentless curiosity, a willingness to grind, and one firm belief: the brain is a muscle… Continue reading on
We are competing for the best scientific paper award in China!
Medium · LLM 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
We are competing for the best scientific paper award in China!
CSCWD is one of the leading IEEE conferences focused on research in collaborative work and technologies for software engineering. It… Continue reading on Medium
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
Not every problem needs AI
“Not every problem needs AI.” Continue reading on Medium »
🚀 Just built a beginner-friendly AI tool called Mini AI Auto Trainer 🤖
Dev.to · Deepak | DeeStudio 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
🚀 Just built a beginner-friendly AI tool called Mini AI Auto Trainer 🤖
The idea is simple: Upload a .csv file → the app automatically: ✅ detects the ML problem type ✅...
Class and Source Imbalance in Biological AI
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Class and Source Imbalance in Biological AI
Imagine you’re training an AI model to detect rare genetic mutations that cause disease. You have 10,000 DNA sequences, but 9,950 of them… Continue reading on M
AcousticBrainz Alternative in 2026: The Honest Insider's Guide
Dev.to · Freqblog 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
AcousticBrainz Alternative in 2026: The Honest Insider's Guide
AcousticBrainz shut down in February 2022 but published the entire 7.5M-track dataset before going dark. What you actually lost, what's still usable from the du
How Can Python Help You Build a Successful Tech Career Faster?
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
How Can Python Help You Build a Successful Tech Career Faster?
Python has become one of the most valuable programming languages in the modern technology industry. Whether someone wants to work in… Continue reading on Medium
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
What Is a Variant? SNPs, Indels, and why mutations in the genome actually matter
We have spent this week learning how to sequence DNA. Continue reading on Medium »
Beyond OCR: Fine-Tuning Qwen2-VL for Document-to-Markdown Magic
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Beyond OCR: Fine-Tuning Qwen2-VL for Document-to-Markdown Magic
In the world of data science, we often talk about “garbage in, garbage out.” But what happens when your data is trapped inside a flattened… Continue reading on
Stop Treating Graphs Like Tables: A Hands‑On Introduction to Graph Attention Networks
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Stop Treating Graphs Like Tables: A Hands‑On Introduction to Graph Attention Networks
A hands-on introduction to Graph Attention Networks (GATs) where we build a GAT from scratch with PyTorch Geometric, train it on the Cora… Continue reading on D
Stop Treating Graphs Like Tables: A Hands‑On Introduction to Graph Attention Networks
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Stop Treating Graphs Like Tables: A Hands‑On Introduction to Graph Attention Networks
A hands-on introduction to Graph Attention Networks (GATs) where we build a GAT from scratch with PyTorch Geometric, train it on the Cora… Continue reading on D
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
CNNs Make Sense When You Realize Why Regular Neural Networks Fail on Images
Convolution, pooling, and ResNet aren’t random ideas — they exist because standard neural networks completely break on image data. Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Bayesian Networks Finally Make Sense When You Stop Separating Graphs and Probability
DAG, CPT, and Bayes’ theorem aren’t separate concepts. They are one system most people learn in the wrong way. Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Program Java Sederhana
halo semua!! Di edisi belajar ngoding kali ini, aku mau ngeshare sedikit terkait program Java yang baru aja aku buat. Namun kali ini biar… Continue reading on M
Two forecasts. Zero historical data. Here’s how I built them.
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Two forecasts. Zero historical data. Here’s how I built them.
The most uncomfortable question you can ask a data scientist is: can you forecast this? — when “this” has never existed before. Continue reading on Medium »
Can Machine Annotations Classify News Photos as Well as Humans?
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Can Machine Annotations Classify News Photos as Well as Humans?
Photos are not always self-explanatory. A single image may show people, objects, or places, but its news section often depends on context… Continue reading on M
Evals: What Software Engineers Should Learn From Data Scientists
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Evals: What Software Engineers Should Learn From Data Scientists
Why so many AI Proof-of-Concepts never make it to production Continue reading on AI Advances »
How We Used Historic Order Data to Eliminate Third-Party Vehicles in FMCG Distribution — A Full ML…
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
How We Used Historic Order Data to Eliminate Third-Party Vehicles in FMCG Distribution — A Full ML…
Predicting retailer demand, smoothing daily load, and discovering the optimal fixed fleet through heterogeneous vehicle routing — a system… Continue reading on
When AI Doesn’t Decide – But Doesn’t Change Either
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
When AI Doesn’t Decide – But Doesn’t Change Either
On repeated evaluation, decision boundaries and what happens when a judgement never quite resolves Continue reading on Medium »
When AI Doesn’t Decide – But Doesn’t Change Either
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
When AI Doesn’t Decide – But Doesn’t Change Either
On repeated evaluation, decision boundaries and what happens when a judgement never quite resolves Continue reading on Medium »
Which AI & ML Course in Bangalore Offers Real Placement Support?
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Which AI & ML Course in Bangalore Offers Real Placement Support?
AI & ML Course In Bangalore — Build Industry-Ready Skills with Tutort Academy Continue reading on Medium »
58. Random Forest: Why One Tree Isn't Enough
Dev.to · Akhilesh 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
58. Random Forest: Why One Tree Isn't Enough
You saw in the last post that decision trees overfit easily. Change a few training examples and the...
From Hardcoded Rules to Meta-Learning: What Building MLCompass Taught Me About Feature Engineering
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
From Hardcoded Rules to Meta-Learning: What Building MLCompass Taught Me About Feature Engineering
Every machine learning pipeline has a preprocessing step. Most of the time, that step looks something like this: check if a column is… Continue reading on Mediu
From Hardcoded Rules to Meta-Learning: What Building MLCompass Taught Me About Feature Engineering
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
From Hardcoded Rules to Meta-Learning: What Building MLCompass Taught Me About Feature Engineering
Every machine learning pipeline has a preprocessing step. Most of the time, that step looks something like this: check if a column is… Continue reading on Mediu
How to Make xt850 Match xt 850
Dev.to · Sergey Nikolaev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
How to Make xt850 Match xt 850
TL;DR Since version 23.0.0, Manticore can make searches like xt850 match xt 850 using...
Why Learning Java Development is the Smartest Career Move in 2026
Medium · JavaScript 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Why Learning Java Development is the Smartest Career Move in 2026
Technology is changing the world faster than ever before. From banking systems and mobile applications to e-commerce platforms and… Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Harnessing Reinforcement Learning in Financial Markets: Beyond Automation and Into Adaptive…
Financial markets never sit still. They react to politics, economic shifts, investor mood swings, tech innovations, and, more recently… Continue reading on Medi
Teaching a Random Forest to Tell Walking from Running: A Computer Vision Pipeline with Hand-Built...
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Teaching a Random Forest to Tell Walking from Running: A Computer Vision Pipeline with Hand-Built...
How a 56-feature baseline became a 240-feature classifier at 86% accuracy, with per-class SHAP guiding every feature engineering decision. Continue reading on M
Teaching a Random Forest to Tell Walking from Running: A Computer Vision Pipeline with Hand-Built...
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Teaching a Random Forest to Tell Walking from Running: A Computer Vision Pipeline with Hand-Built...
How a 56-feature baseline became a 240-feature classifier at 86% accuracy, with per-class SHAP guiding every feature engineering decision. Continue reading on M
Time and Space Complexity Fundamentals
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Time and Space Complexity Fundamentals
“It’s not enough to write code that works. Great engineers write code that works well.” Continue reading on Medium »
57. Decision Trees: The AI That Plays 20 Questions
Dev.to · Akhilesh 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
57. Decision Trees: The AI That Plays 20 Questions
You've played 20 questions before. You think of something. Someone asks yes/no questions to figure...
Building a Two-Stage ML Pipeline on iOS — Real-Time Detection Meets Tap-to-Classify
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Building a Two-Stage ML Pipeline on iOS — Real-Time Detection Meets Tap-to-Classify
How I wired YOLOv8 and ResNet18 into a single camera view, debugged SwiftUI gesture failures at 90fps, and learned why camera coordinate… Continue reading on Me
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Day 17 Part 2: Voice Profiling System + Building with Buffer API in Public
Completed voice profiling with signature generation, consistency scoring with cosine similarity, drift detection foundation. Plus… Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Day 17 Part 2: Voice Profiling System + Building with Buffer API in Public
Completed voice profiling with signature generation, consistency scoring with cosine similarity, drift detection foundation. Plus… Continue reading on Medium »
Three copy strategies, three different realities
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 6d ago
Three copy strategies, three different realities
In Python, copying objects is not as trivial as it might seem. Understanding the distinction between shallow copy and deep copy is crucial… Continue reading on
The Architect’s Guide to Machine Learning: Building Your First Pipeline
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
The Architect’s Guide to Machine Learning: Building Your First Pipeline
Welcome back to our journey into the heart of artificial intelligence! If you’ve been following along, you know that building a Machine… Continue reading on Med
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
I Tried 5 Machine Learning Algorithms… Only One Actually Worked
How I Finally Chose the Right Model (Without Guessing) Continue reading on Write A Catalyst »
The God Godel is rubbish-the end of the Godelian industry
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
The God Godel is rubbish-the end of the Godelian industry
The God Godel is rubbish-the end of the Godelian industry https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-3921502955/view by colin leslie dean Godels… Continue reading on Medium »
The Truth We Can’t Prove
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
The Truth We Can’t Prove
Why the biggest unsolved problem in mathematics might stay unsolved forever — and why that matters Continue reading on Medium »
The Truth We Can’t Prove
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
The Truth We Can’t Prove
Why the biggest unsolved problem in mathematics might stay unsolved forever — and why that matters Continue reading on Medium »
The Truth We Can’t Prove
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
The Truth We Can’t Prove
Why the biggest unsolved problem in mathematics might stay unsolved forever — and why that matters Continue reading on Medium »
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Day 4 of the Short Series: Signal Processing Tools for Time Series Continue reading on Medium »
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Day 4 of the Short Series: Signal Processing Tools for Time Series Continue reading on Medium »
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Day 4 of the Short Series: Signal Processing Tools for Time Series Continue reading on Medium »
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
Hybrid Models Combine Signal Processing and Machine Learning
Day 4 of the Short Series: Signal Processing Tools for Time Series Continue reading on Medium »
Beyond Predictions: How to Make Smarter Stock Market And Portfolio Management Decisions
Medium · LLM 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
Beyond Predictions: How to Make Smarter Stock Market And Portfolio Management Decisions
In the wake of the recent advancements in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, every domain has adopted these algorithms to… Continue reading on Data S
At Petabyte Scale, ML Stops Being About Models
Hackernoon 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1w ago
At Petabyte Scale, ML Stops Being About Models
Petabyte-scale ML is won in the data path, not the model table layout, point-in-time feature retrieval, adaptive query planning, validation gates, and bounded s