Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

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lessons
Skills in this topic
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ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data
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Predicting Blood Shortages Before They Happen
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Predicting Blood Shortages Before They Happen
How NLP, Random Forest, and a deep respect for clinical messiness built a blood demand forecasting system that works in production Continue reading on Medium »
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Predicting Blood Shortages Before They Happen
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Predicting Blood Shortages Before They Happen
How NLP, Random Forest, and a deep respect for clinical messiness built a blood demand forecasting system that works in production Continue reading on Medium »
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Optimising Clinic Placement with Mixed Integer Linear Programming
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Optimising Clinic Placement with Mixed Integer Linear Programming
How a MILP model using demographic and geographic data turned strategic clinic site decisions from intuition into rigorous science Continue reading on Medium »
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Optimising Clinic Placement with Mixed Integer Linear Programming
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Optimising Clinic Placement with Mixed Integer Linear Programming
How a MILP model using demographic and geographic data turned strategic clinic site decisions from intuition into rigorous science Continue reading on Medium »
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Optimising Clinic Placement with Mixed Integer Linear Programming
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Optimising Clinic Placement with Mixed Integer Linear Programming
How a MILP model using demographic and geographic data turned strategic clinic site decisions from intuition into rigorous science Continue reading on Medium »
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Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
ML Compilers Aren’t All the Same — Here’s Why
If you’ve trained or deployed a model recently, you’ve depended on an ML compiler — possibly several of them stacked on top of each other… Continue reading on M
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Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
ML Compilers Aren’t All the Same — Here’s Why
If you’ve trained or deployed a model recently, you’ve depended on an ML compiler — possibly several of them stacked on top of each other… Continue reading on M
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Medium · LLM 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
ML Compilers Aren’t All the Same — Here’s Why
If you’ve trained or deployed a model recently, you’ve depended on an ML compiler — possibly several of them stacked on top of each other… Continue reading on M
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How Machines Draw the Line: A Beginner’s Guide to Regression
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
How Machines Draw the Line: A Beginner’s Guide to Regression
You want to predict the price of a house. You have the square footage, the number of rooms, and the neighborhood, as well as a thousand… Continue reading on Cod
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How Machines Draw the Line: A Beginner’s Guide to Regression
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
How Machines Draw the Line: A Beginner’s Guide to Regression
You want to predict the price of a house. You have the square footage, the number of rooms, and the neighborhood, as well as a thousand… Continue reading on Cod
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XGBoost Explained: Why Gradient Boosting Became a Machine Learning Powerhouse
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
XGBoost Explained: Why Gradient Boosting Became a Machine Learning Powerhouse
How a smarter, faster version of boosting became one of the strongest models for tabular data Continue reading on Medium »
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XGBoost Explained: Why Gradient Boosting Became a Machine Learning Powerhouse
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
XGBoost Explained: Why Gradient Boosting Became a Machine Learning Powerhouse
How a smarter, faster version of boosting became one of the strongest models for tabular data Continue reading on Medium »
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Rethinking Indicators: From Price Measurement to Structural Observation
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Rethinking Indicators: From Price Measurement to Structural Observation
Introducing PET (Predictive Environment Theory) Continue reading on Medium »
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Your AI App Is Not Fine: A 5-Minute Guide to Observability and Evals with Galileo
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Your AI App Is Not Fine: A 5-Minute Guide to Observability and Evals with Galileo
Because “it worked in my demo” is not a production strategy. Continue reading on Medium »
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How LDA Can Be Used to Detect Trending Topics on Social Media
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
How LDA Can Be Used to Detect Trending Topics on Social Media
Continue reading on Medium »
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Forecasting with Augmented Dynamic Adaptive Model, Language Modeling from Scratch | Issue 84
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Forecasting with Augmented Dynamic Adaptive Model, Language Modeling from Scratch | Issue 84
A weekly curated update on data science and engineering topics and resources. Continue reading on Medium »
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Forecasting with Augmented Dynamic Adaptive Model, Language Modeling from Scratch | Issue 84
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Forecasting with Augmented Dynamic Adaptive Model, Language Modeling from Scratch | Issue 84
A weekly curated update on data science and engineering topics and resources. Continue reading on Medium »
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From Raw Data to Profit: Designing a Full Trading Pipeline in Python
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
From Raw Data to Profit: Designing a Full Trading Pipeline in Python
How to Build an End-to-End Quant System (Data → Features → Model → Execution) Continue reading on Medium »
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From Raw Data to Profit: Designing a Full Trading Pipeline in Python
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
From Raw Data to Profit: Designing a Full Trading Pipeline in Python
How to Build an End-to-End Quant System (Data → Features → Model → Execution) Continue reading on Medium »
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Do You Actually Need AI in your use-case?
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Do You Actually Need AI in your use-case?
A practical guide for choosing between Programming and AI. Continue reading on Medium »
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Part 2: The Data — Building the First Public Coffee Roasting Audio Dataset with Warp/Oz
There is no widely available public audio dataset for coffee roasting first crack detection. I was not able to find one on Hugging Face, Kaggle, or in the liter
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Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
The Architecture of Speed: How XGBoost Scaled Tree Boosting to the Moon
In the world of machine learning, few algorithms have achieved the “rockstar” status of XGBoost. Since its release, it has become the… Continue reading on Mediu
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Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
The Architecture of Speed: How XGBoost Scaled Tree Boosting to the Moon
In the world of machine learning, few algorithms have achieved the “rockstar” status of XGBoost. Since its release, it has become the… Continue reading on Mediu
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Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
The Architecture of Speed: How XGBoost Scaled Tree Boosting to the Moon
In the world of machine learning, few algorithms have achieved the “rockstar” status of XGBoost. Since its release, it has become the… Continue reading on Mediu
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Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
The Architecture of Speed: How XGBoost Scaled Tree Boosting to the Moon
In the world of machine learning, few algorithms have achieved the “rockstar” status of XGBoost. Since its release, it has become the… Continue reading on Mediu
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MATLAB Isn’t Dead. It Was Reassigned.
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
MATLAB Isn’t Dead. It Was Reassigned.
Programming Continue reading on JIN System Architect »
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Day 29: Polynomial Regression — Capturing Non-Linear Relationships
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Day 29: Polynomial Regression — Capturing Non-Linear Relationships
After understanding Linear Regression, which works well for straight-line relationships, the next step is to explore how machine learning… Continue reading on M
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Day 29: Polynomial Regression — Capturing Non-Linear Relationships
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Day 29: Polynomial Regression — Capturing Non-Linear Relationships
After understanding Linear Regression, which works well for straight-line relationships, the next step is to explore how machine learning… Continue reading on M
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Day 29: Polynomial Regression — Capturing Non-Linear Relationships
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Day 29: Polynomial Regression — Capturing Non-Linear Relationships
After understanding Linear Regression, which works well for straight-line relationships, the next step is to explore how machine learning… Continue reading on M
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When You Can’t See the Confounder: Instrumental Variables (Part 4)
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
When You Can’t See the Confounder: Instrumental Variables (Part 4)
This is Part 4 of a series on causal inference. Parts 1–3 covered the core workflow: define the causal question, draw the DAG, and… Continue reading on Medium »
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10 Must-Know Programming Concepts for Future Developers.
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
10 Must-Know Programming Concepts for Future Developers.
Ten must-know programming concepts for developers include algorithms, data structures, AI, security, scalability, and debugging. Continue reading on CodeToDeplo
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Every GPU Hour Has an Opportunity Cost Now: How Compute Allocation Became the AI Valuation Game
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Every GPU Hour Has an Opportunity Cost Now: How Compute Allocation Became the AI Valuation Game
From Marginal Cost to Opportunity Cost Continue reading on Medium »
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
How AI and ML solutions are finally making legacy data migration a solved problem
The migration debt that is quietly blocking enterprise AI ambitions Across the United States, Global 2000 enterprises are under board-level pressure to move tow
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Functions: Stop Writing the Same Code Twice
You have written the same print(f"Hello, {name}!") line three times in your code already. Not a big deal with one line. But what happens when the thing you keep
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Shocking Reasons Advanced AI Models Fail
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Shocking Reasons Advanced AI Models Fail
Continue reading on AI Simplified in Plain English »
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The Quantum Apocalypse is coming…but not in the way you think
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
The Quantum Apocalypse is coming…but not in the way you think
If you’ve spent any time scrolling through tech news lately, you’ve probably seen the headlines. Quantum computing is usually portrayed as… Continue reading on
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Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Why Cross-Entropy Beats MSE in Classification (And What My Loss Landscapes Taught Me)
When I first started learning machine learning, one question kept coming up: Continue reading on Medium »
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Medium · Cybersecurity 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Why Cross-Entropy Beats MSE in Classification (And What My Loss Landscapes Taught Me)
When I first started learning machine learning, one question kept coming up: Continue reading on Medium »
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I Built a Trading Bot That Watches the Markets While B. Sleeps
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
I Built a Trading Bot That Watches the Markets While B. Sleeps
A six-phase build, a phantom bug, a silent crash, and 16 real trades later — we’re still finding out. Continue reading on Medium »
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
How Quantum Computers Work (Simple Beginner Guide 2026)
🚀 How Quantum Computers Work (Simple Beginner Guide) Quantum computing is one of the most exciting technologies in 2026. But for beginners, it often feels conf
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From VGG16 to EfficientNetB1: What I Learned Building a Medical AI Tool as a Student
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
From VGG16 to EfficientNetB1: What I Learned Building a Medical AI Tool as a Student
My first version of X-Pathology had a 99.9% confidence problem. Continue reading on Medium »
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Building a Movie Recommender System: A Journey from Pre-Med to ML
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Building a Movie Recommender System: A Journey from Pre-Med to ML
Transitioning from a pre-medical background to Electrical Engineering at NUST taught me one thing: Math is the universal language of logic… Continue reading on
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Building a Movie Recommender System: A Journey from Pre-Med to ML
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Building a Movie Recommender System: A Journey from Pre-Med to ML
Transitioning from a pre-medical background to Electrical Engineering at NUST taught me one thing: Math is the universal language of logic… Continue reading on
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Building a Movie Recommender System: A Journey from Pre-Med to ML
Medium · NLP 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Building a Movie Recommender System: A Journey from Pre-Med to ML
Transitioning from a pre-medical background to Electrical Engineering at NUST taught me one thing: Math is the universal language of logic… Continue reading on
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Understanding Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Understanding Support Vector Machine (SVM)
A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a supervised machine learning algorithm used for: Continue reading on Medium »
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Understanding Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Understanding Support Vector Machine (SVM)
A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a supervised machine learning algorithm used for: Continue reading on Medium »
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Understanding Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Understanding Support Vector Machine (SVM)
A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a supervised machine learning algorithm used for: Continue reading on Medium »
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Python Programming summer internship for freshers in India
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Python Programming summer internship for freshers in India
A Python programming summer internship for freshers is one of the smartest ways to kick-start a tech career. These internships give… Continue reading on Medium
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