Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

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lessons
Skills in this topic
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ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data
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Sparse Matrices — When Most of Your Data is Zero
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Sparse Matrices — When Most of Your Data is Zero
Algorithms in Python— Foundations, Part 11 Continue reading on Medium »
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Understanding Machine Learning and the ML Pipeline — Step by Step
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Understanding Machine Learning and the ML Pipeline — Step by Step
After understanding Artificial Intelligence (AI), the next big question is: Continue reading on Medium »
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Understanding Machine Learning and the ML Pipeline — Step by Step
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Understanding Machine Learning and the ML Pipeline — Step by Step
After understanding Artificial Intelligence (AI), the next big question is: Continue reading on Medium »
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Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
“How a self-taught builder with no coding background made it to the Meta PyTorch Grand Finale”
Two months ago I didn’t know what an RL environment was. Continue reading on Medium »
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Python Isn’t One Skill -It’s 10 Different Career Paths!
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Python Isn’t One Skill -It’s 10 Different Career Paths!
When you want to “learn Python,” it sounds like a single, clear skill but that’s misleading… Continue reading on Medium »
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Day 13 Part 3 + 16 Weeks: When Code Breaks But Consistency Doesn’t
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Day 13 Part 3 + 16 Weeks: When Code Breaks But Consistency Doesn’t
Stacking ensemble still throwing errors. Tests still failing. Continue reading on Medium »
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Day 13 Part 3 + 16 Weeks: When Code Breaks But Consistency Doesn’t
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Day 13 Part 3 + 16 Weeks: When Code Breaks But Consistency Doesn’t
Stacking ensemble still throwing errors. Tests still failing. Continue reading on Medium »
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Finding Order in Chaos: What If the TSP Isn’t About Searching, But Ordering?
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Finding Order in Chaos: What If the TSP Isn’t About Searching, But Ordering?
Introducing GIO: How mapping 2D spatial data into a 1D sequence achieves 0.0000% gaps on several classic TSPLIB benchmarks — with… Continue reading on Medium »
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From Confusion to Code: My Journey Into Tech as a Beginner
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
From Confusion to Code: My Journey Into Tech as a Beginner
I still remember the moment I decided I wanted to enter the world of technology. Continue reading on Medium »
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Temperature, Top-K, Top-P (The 3 Parameters Every AI Developer Must Understand)
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Temperature, Top-K, Top-P (The 3 Parameters Every AI Developer Must Understand)
Subtitle: You have been using these parameters without knowing what they actually do. Here is exactly what is happening inside the model. Continue reading on Me
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Why Your Data Pipelines Need to Start Healing Themselves
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Why Your Data Pipelines Need to Start Healing Themselves
A practical guide to autonomous, resilient data infrastructure for 2026 and beyond Continue reading on Medium »
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Why Your Neural Network Fails Silently and How to Actually Debug It
Dev.to · Alan West 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Why Your Neural Network Fails Silently and How to Actually Debug It
Practical debugging strategies for deep learning models that fail silently, from data pipeline checks to gradient monitoring and distribution shift detection.
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Training Infrastructure — Deep Dive + Problem: NeRF Ray Sampling
Dev.to · pixelbank dev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Training Infrastructure — Deep Dive + Problem: NeRF Ray Sampling
A daily deep dive into llm topics, coding problems, and platform features from PixelBank. ...
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Why Do Smart Systems Stop Learning?
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Why Do Smart Systems Stop Learning?
Continue reading on Medium »
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I Ran 1,000 Noisy Backtests to See How Bad Selection Bias Actually Gets
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
I Ran 1,000 Noisy Backtests to See How Bad Selection Bias Actually Gets
I built a system that generates 1,000 candidate trading strategies, all of them built on noise, weak signals, or permuted data, and… Continue reading on Medium
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Bayes' theorem in machine learning
Dev.to · Silver_dev 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Bayes' theorem in machine learning
Bayes' Theorem describes how to update the probability of a hypothesis when new data is obtained. It...
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Gradient Descent: Backbone of modern LLM
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Gradient Descent: Backbone of modern LLM
Optimization is the art of finding the “best” version of something. In mathematics, that often means finding the lowest point of a curve —… Continue reading on
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Beggars Can’t Be Choosers; Learn As Much As You Can
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Beggars Can’t Be Choosers; Learn As Much As You Can
A full course on Python classes is live on YouTube. Continue reading on Medium »
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From Beginner to Builder: My 12-Week AIML Fellowship Journey
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
From Beginner to Builder: My 12-Week AIML Fellowship Journey
A Story of Transformation Continue reading on Medium »
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Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Generative AI from First Principles Article2: Neural Networks, Weights, and Biases
In the previous article, I might have gone a little too fast. So in this one, I am covering some of those ideas again, but in a much… Continue reading on Medium
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No One Cares About Your Projects
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
No One Cares About Your Projects
Here’s how to fix that. Continue reading on Data Science Collective »
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End-to-End Product Sales Forecasting System using Machine Learning
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
End-to-End Product Sales Forecasting System using Machine Learning
In today’s highly competitive retail landscape, accurate sales forecasting is not optional — it’s foundational. Continue reading on Medium »
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Azure ML Pipelines + Azure DevOps: CI/CD for ML with Terraform
Medium · DevOps 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Azure ML Pipelines + Azure DevOps: CI/CD for ML with Terraform
Manual ML retraining is a reliability risk. Azure ML Pipelines orchestrates the ML workflow while Azure DevOps automates testing… Continue reading on Medium »
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
I debuted on PyPI with Harvard
Hello everyone, I'm happy to share I've published my first python package as a contributor to the CS249r project led by the Harvard-Edge Lab. Gonna code more :)
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Loop Anti-Pattern Linter: Finding Hidden Performance Issues in Python
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Loop Anti-Pattern Linter: Finding Hidden Performance Issues in Python
When writing Python code, loop-heavy logic often looks correct but hides performance issues that only show up at scale. Continue reading on Medium »
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
WebGPU AI: Accelerating Browser ML with GPU Power
Originally published on FreeDevKit . WebGPU AI represents a significant advancement in the landscape of browser-based machine learning, enabling developers to h
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RAM vs VRAM — What’s the Difference?
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
RAM vs VRAM — What’s the Difference?
Read Me: Continue reading on Medium »
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Remember Trigonometry? Thats how you use it in ML
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Remember Trigonometry? Thats how you use it in ML
Remember trigonometry? Continue reading on Medium »
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Remember Trigonometry? Thats how you use it in ML
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Remember Trigonometry? Thats how you use it in ML
Remember trigonometry? Continue reading on Medium »
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Remember Trigonometry? Thats how you use it in ML
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Remember Trigonometry? Thats how you use it in ML
Remember trigonometry? Continue reading on Medium »
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I Ignored These 6 Python Libraries; Now I Can’t Code Without Them
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
I Ignored These 6 Python Libraries; Now I Can’t Code Without Them
I wasted weeks doing things the hard way before finding these Continue reading on T3CH »
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Predicting the Unpredictable: How I Built an AI-Driven Insurance Pricing Engine with 89% Accuracy
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Predicting the Unpredictable: How I Built an AI-Driven Insurance Pricing Engine with 89% Accuracy
A deep dive into exploratory data analysis, statistical hypothesis testing, and machine learning deployment. Continue reading on Medium »
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Predicting the Unpredictable: How I Built an AI-Driven Insurance Pricing Engine with 89% Accuracy
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Predicting the Unpredictable: How I Built an AI-Driven Insurance Pricing Engine with 89% Accuracy
A deep dive into exploratory data analysis, statistical hypothesis testing, and machine learning deployment. Continue reading on Medium »
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Predicting the Unpredictable: How I Built an AI-Driven Insurance Pricing Engine with 89% Accuracy
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Predicting the Unpredictable: How I Built an AI-Driven Insurance Pricing Engine with 89% Accuracy
A deep dive into exploratory data analysis, statistical hypothesis testing, and machine learning deployment. Continue reading on Medium »
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Servindo modelos de ML em produção: FastAPI + Docker + AWS Lambda
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Servindo modelos de ML em produção: FastAPI + Docker + AWS Lambda
> Parte 5 da série IA na Prática — Do Modelo à Produção Continue reading on Medium »
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Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Modeli bilgisayarda eğitmek işin sadece %20'sidir. Asıl mühendislik, o modeli milisaniyelerin önemli olduğu canlı sistemlere gecikmesiz… Continue reading on Med
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Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Modeli bilgisayarda eğitmek işin sadece %20'sidir. Asıl mühendislik, o modeli milisaniyelerin önemli olduğu canlı sistemlere gecikmesiz… Continue reading on Med
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Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Modeli bilgisayarda eğitmek işin sadece %20'sidir. Asıl mühendislik, o modeli milisaniyelerin önemli olduğu canlı sistemlere gecikmesiz… Continue reading on Med
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Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Python Çok mu Yavaş? Ağır Yapay Zeka Modellerini Sahaya (Production) İndirirken C++’ın Kas Gücü
Modeli bilgisayarda eğitmek işin sadece %20'sidir. Asıl mühendislik, o modeli milisaniyelerin önemli olduğu canlı sistemlere gecikmesiz… Continue reading on Med
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Self-Supervised Temporal Pattern Mining for smart agriculture microgrid orchestration under multi-jurisdictional compliance
Self-Supervised Temporal Pattern Mining for smart agriculture microgrid orchestration under multi-jurisdictional compliance Introduction: A Learning Journey int
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Deep Q-Network: The Algorithm That Taught Machines to Learn Without Rules
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Deep Q-Network: The Algorithm That Taught Machines to Learn Without Rules
Artificial intelligence has evolved through several major breakthroughs, but few have been as impactful as the introduction of the Deep… Continue reading on Med
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Deep Q-Network: The Algorithm That Taught Machines to Learn Without Rules
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Deep Q-Network: The Algorithm That Taught Machines to Learn Without Rules
Artificial intelligence has evolved through several major breakthroughs, but few have been as impactful as the introduction of the Deep… Continue reading on Med
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Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Bringing it to Life: The Real-Time Inference Engine (Part 3)
In Part 2 , we successfully trained a Transformer model to map sequences of body keypoints to sign language glosses using CTC loss. However, training on pre-seg
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Deploying Omniscience for Financial Services
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Deploying Omniscience for Financial Services
The intelligence layer and how to build it. Continue reading on Cashmere Blog »
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AI’s Insatiable Hunger: When Scale Broke My Workflow
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
AI’s Insatiable Hunger: When Scale Broke My Workflow
I remember the day AI’s growing scale hit me like a freight train — staring at my laptop screen at 2 a.m., overwhelmed by a flood of model… Continue reading on
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Beyond the API: Why I Built My Own Local-First AI System
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
Beyond the API: Why I Built My Own Local-First AI System
From calling APIs to designing systems — a shift in how I think about using AI Continue reading on Medium »
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LSTM vs. Transformer vs. CNN: Which Deep Learning Model Actually Wins for Time Series Forecasting?
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
LSTM vs. Transformer vs. CNN: Which Deep Learning Model Actually Wins for Time Series Forecasting?
I tested four popular deep learning architectures on GCash transaction data. The winner did not surprise me. Continue reading on Medium »
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The Regression Method Almost Nobody Uses
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2w ago
The Regression Method Almost Nobody Uses
Most machine learning trading articles orbit the same handful of tools Continue reading on Medium »
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