Lecture 14: Ideal Solution Model; Osmotic Pressure; Blue Energy; Minimum Work of Separation

MIT OpenCourseWare · Beginner ·🛠️ AI Tools & Apps ·1y ago
Skills: Maths for ML60%
MIT 2.43 Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2024 Instructor: Gian Paolo Beretta View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/ Complete course table of contents with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_toc_slides_pdf/ Complete course analytical index with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_index_slides_pdf/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP6309d0oJDiVo1CvxUQXJ2il This lecture covers: Ideal solution model. Van't Hoff relation for osmotic pressure of the solvent of a dilute solution. Osmotic power from river estuaries and salinity gradients (blue energy). Minimum work of complete and partial separation. Instructor suggests to set viewing speed at 1.5 for faster learning. Slides for this lecture: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_lec14_pdf/ Key moments: 00:00:00 - Introduction 00:00:19 - Review: Stable-Equilibrium Properties of Mixtures 00:00:50 - Ideal Solution Behavior 00:10:51 - Osmotic Pressure: Van’t Hoff Relation 00:21:55 - Osmosis in Biology 00:23:43 - Osmosis in Engineering Applications 00:25:05 - An Important Example: Osmotic Pressure of Seawater 00:34:53 - Fresh Water Production from Saline Water 00:47:35 - Osmotic Power: a Potential Renewable Energy Source 00:54:12 - Blue Energy 00:58:13 - Minimum Work of Complete Mixture Separation 01:08:38 - Minimum Work of Partial Mixture Separation 01:19:37 - Demixing of Atmospheric Air Components 01:20:42 - Demixing of a Liquid Solution 01:24:56 - Stratification of Mixtures in Gravity Field License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and d
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Chapters (15)

Introduction
0:19 Review: Stable-Equilibrium Properties of Mixtures
0:50 Ideal Solution Behavior
10:51 Osmotic Pressure: Van’t Hoff Relation
21:55 Osmosis in Biology
23:43 Osmosis in Engineering Applications
25:05 An Important Example: Osmotic Pressure of Seawater
34:53 Fresh Water Production from Saline Water
47:35 Osmotic Power: a Potential Renewable Energy Source
54:12 Blue Energy
58:13 Minimum Work of Complete Mixture Separation
1:08:38 Minimum Work of Partial Mixture Separation
1:19:37 Demixing of Atmospheric Air Components
1:20:42 Demixing of a Liquid Solution
1:24:56 Stratification of Mixtures in Gravity Field
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