Systems Design & Architecture

Resilience isn’t one technique; it’s a stack of decisions about what you do when something you depend on fails. Every pattern below is an… Continue reading on M

We’ve been conditioned to think innovation = software. A new SaaS tool. Another mobile app. Another...

In the taxonomy of internet infrastructure; cloud, payments, identity, communications,...

There is a powerful mechanism called "backpressure" derived from mpsc::channel. Alongside the...

When designing systems like Facebook, WhatsApp, Netflix, Amazon, or Instagram, one of the first...

I have watched strong engineers walk into system design interviews knowing every technology on the whiteboard and still fail, badly. Here… Continue reading on S

Python, Java, and C# do not run your source code directly, they compile it to bytecode and run that on a virtual machine. The VM sounds intimidating but its cor

Deconstructing ancient data management through the lens of System Architecture, Peer-to-Peer networks, and VPN tunnels. Continue reading on Medium »

the most powerful TypeScript design patterns for modern frontend apps from Repository to Observer with real-world React examples that make… Continue reading on

Long-running workflows look simple when you first build them. Something happens. A few systems...

In October 2025, Kùzu Inc. archived KuzuDB — the embedded graph database — with a one-line note:...

Most dashboards answer one question: Is everything okay? During an incident, nobody's asking...

The system-level failure patterns most backend engineers don’t learn until they have to. Continue reading on Stackademic »

Introduction As organizations accelerate digital transformation, cloud adoption, enterprise...

Why near-real-time beats real-time — and why YouTube polls instead of opening a million WebSockets. Continue reading on Medium »

Why near-real-time beats real-time — and why YouTube polls instead of opening a million WebSockets. Continue reading on Medium »

Most architecture problems aren’t solved by mere abstractions — they’re prevented by constraints Continue reading on Stackademic »

Redux popularized the idea of a single global store — one tree of state, one set of reducers, one...

Introduction: The Challenge of Mapping Multiple Keys to One Value Imagine you're building...

You know that feeling, right? When you first started coding, the for loop felt like pure magic. Like, "Wow, I can tell the machine to do… Continue reading on Me

Getters and setters feel like discipline. Senior developers know they’re often just noise — and sometimes, they’re actively making your… Continue reading on Sta

Foundational web development practices still shape how websites and web applications perform, protect users and hold up when real-world conditions aren’t ideal.

Offline-first design decides what happens when connection, focus, or time disappears before sensitive information is safely saved.

Generator coroutines are the textbook fix for callback hell in game sequencing. Write a boss script...

Sean Klein discusses why "human error" is a dangerous myth in complex systems. Sharing the inside story of Azure’s 2023 global WAN outage, he explains how moder

Let’s take an example of a Function. If we have a function which accepts a variable but the type of that variable 퐜퐨퐮퐥퐝 퐛퐞 퐚… Continue reading on Medium »

Introduction ​As server infrastructure grows more complex, traditional user-space security monitoring...

Hey! As I wrote in the previous post, I became really interested in Lean System Design – real-life...

LinkedIn Draft — Workflow (2026-06-23) Something I keep explaining in architecture...

Render infinitely deep comment threads with recursion — and survive the performance traps that break them at scale. Continue reading on Medium »

The Steam Machine is here, with a base price of $1,049. Yes, that's nearly twice the price of a PS5, but what you're buying here isn't a console but a full-on P

TypeScript has become the standard for building scalable frontend applications. While most developers...

On inheritance, composition, and why the human race is better software design. Continue reading on Medium »

Intent should align with outcomes. It sounds obvious. Yet most organizations have no reliable way...

What is API Gateway? An API Gateway is a server that sits between the client (web app, mobile app,...

State, Sovereignty, and the PARQ Solution Continue reading on Medium »

Two Tables, One URL: Solving Inertia.js State Collisions If you've worked with Inertia.js...

Today, June 22, 2026 (wait it's past midnight I mean yesterday), I finally published my first crate...

Java LLD: Design Tic-Tac-Toe with O(1) Win Detection Designing Tic-Tac-Toe is a classic...

In early 2024, we were a seven-person engineering team building an admin portal that touched loan policies, partner configurations, A/B… Continue reading on Jav

Turns out we never had microservices. We had a monolith with extra steps. Continue reading on Medium »

The 1913 engineering disaster that changed how we buld - and what it means for the ground beneath your home Continue reading on Medium »

The 1913 engineering disaster that changed how we buld - and what it means for the ground beneath your home Continue reading on Medium »

What started as a deep-dive challenge into the mechanics of computer science ended up as a fully...

What is a proxy? A proxy is an intermediary server that receives a request, forwards it elsewhere,...

Good architecture is not only about how a system is built. It is also about how well the team can...

Two ways to define a contract for your code — and how to pick the right one without overthinking it Continue reading on Medium »

When I first learned the 2 concepts, I thought they served the same function, which is to make it so that when the value of a variable (that was declared inside