Core AI

Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

24,842

lessons

Skills in this topic

5 skills — Sign in to track your progress

View full skill map →

LLM Foundations

Explain how transformers generate text

Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts

LLM Engineering

Call LLM APIs with function/tool use

Fine-tuning LLMs

Prepare fine-tuning datasets

Multimodal LLMs

Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

Videos 19,453 Reads 5,389

Showing 5,389 reads from curated sources

Level: All Beginner Intermediate Advanced

Newest Popular Oldest

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Adaptive Greedy Frame Selection for Long Video Understanding

arXiv:2603.20180v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large vision--language models (VLMs) are increasingly applied to long-video question answering, yet inference

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Improving Generalization on Cybersecurity Tasks with Multi-Modal Contrastive Learning

arXiv:2603.20181v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The use of ML in cybersecurity has long been impaired by generalization issues: Models that work well in contr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

VideoSeek: Long-Horizon Video Agent with Tool-Guided Seeking

arXiv:2603.20185v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Video agentic models have advanced challenging video-language tasks. However, most agentic approaches still he

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

HPS: Hard Preference Sampling for Human Preference Alignment

arXiv:2502.14400v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Aligning Large Language Model (LLM) responses with human preferences is vital for building safe and controll

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Average Reward Reinforcement Learning for Omega-Regular and Mean-Payoff Objectives

arXiv:2505.15693v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have renewed interest in reward design for shaping agent beha

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Preference-Driven Multi-Objective Combinatorial Optimization with Conditional Computation

arXiv:2506.08898v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent deep reinforcement learning methods have achieved remarkable success in solving multi-objective combi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Improved Generalized Planning with LLMs through Strategy Refinement and Reflection

arXiv:2508.13876v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: LLMs have recently been used to generate Python programs representing generalized plans in PDDL planning, i.

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Evaluation-Aware Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2509.19464v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Policy evaluation is a core component of many reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms and a critical tool for

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

RealUnify: Do Unified Models Truly Benefit from Unification? A Comprehensive Benchmark

arXiv:2509.24897v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The integration of visual understanding and generation into unified multimodal models represents a significa

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

PDDL Axioms Are Equivalent to Least Fixed Point Logic (Extended Version)

arXiv:2510.14412v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Axioms are a feature of the Planning Domain Definition Language PDDL that can be considered as a generalizat

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

DAPS++: Rethinking Diffusion Inverse Problems with Decoupled Posterior Annealing

arXiv:2511.17038v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: From a Bayesian perspective, score-based diffusion solves inverse problems through joint inference, embeddin

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

On Sample-Efficient Generalized Planning via Learned Transition Models

arXiv:2602.23148v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Generalized planning studies the construction of solution strategies that generalize across families of plan

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

A Unified Framework to Quantify Cultural Intelligence of AI

arXiv:2603.01211v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As generative AI technologies are increasingly being launched across the globe, assessing their competence t

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Generative AI-assisted Participatory Modeling in Socio-Environmental Planning under Deep Uncertainty

arXiv:2603.17021v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Socio-environmental planning under deep uncertainty requires researchers to identify and conceptualize probl

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

DEAF: A Benchmark for Diagnostic Evaluation of Acoustic Faithfulness in Audio Language Models

arXiv:2603.18048v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent Audio Multimodal Large Language Models (Audio MLLMs) demonstrate impressive performance on speech ben

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Evaluating Game Difficulty in Tetris Block Puzzle

arXiv:2603.18994v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Tetris Block Puzzle is a single player stochastic puzzle in which a player places blocks on an 8 x 8 grid to

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

A Comprehensive Survey on Vector Database: Storage and Retrieval Technique, Challenge

arXiv:2310.11703v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As high-dimensional vector data increasingly surpasses the processing capabilities of traditional data

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

LISAA: A Framework for Large Language Model Information Security Awareness Assessment

arXiv:2411.13207v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The popularity of large language models (LLMs) continues to grow, and LLM-based assistants have become

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Understanding and Optimizing Multi-Stage AI Inference Pipelines

arXiv:2504.09775v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven the need for increasingly sophisticated

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

HALO: Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Large-Scale Adaptive Traffic Signal Control

arXiv:2506.14391v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) is essential for mitigating urban congestion in modern smart ci

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Mapping Caregiver Needs to AI Chatbot Design: Strengths and Gaps in Mental Health Support for Alzheimer's and Dementia Caregivers

arXiv:2506.15047v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Family caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (AD/ADRD) face signific

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

World4RL: Diffusion World Models for Policy Refinement with Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Manipulation

arXiv:2509.19080v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Robotic manipulation policies are commonly initialized through imitation learning, but their performan

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Responsible AI Technical Report

arXiv:2509.20057v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: KT developed a Responsible AI (RAI) assessment methodology and risk mitigation technologies to ensure

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

VSSFlow: Unifying Video-conditioned Sound and Speech Generation via Joint Learning

arXiv:2509.24773v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Video-conditioned audio generation, including Video-to-Sound (V2S) and Visual Text-to-Speech (VisualTT

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

FinReflectKG -- EvalBench: Benchmarking Financial KG with Multi-Dimensional Evaluation

arXiv:2510.05710v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to extract structured knowledge from unstruct

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

CARES: Context-Aware Resolution Selector for VLMs

arXiv:2510.19496v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large vision-language models (VLMs) commonly process images at native or high resolution to remain eff

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Rep2Text: Decoding Full Text from a Single LLM Token Representation

arXiv:2511.06571v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across diverse tasks, yet their interna

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Taming the Long-Tail: Efficient Reasoning RL Training with Adaptive Drafter

arXiv:2511.16665v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) with strong reasoning capabilities marks a significant m

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

The Phish, The Spam, and The Valid: Generating Feature-Rich Emails for Benchmarking LLMs

arXiv:2511.21448v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this paper, we introduce a metadata-enriched generation framework (PhishFuzzer) that seeds real ema

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Dementia-R1: Reinforced Pretraining and Reasoning from Unstructured Clinical Notes for Real-World Dementia Prognosis

arXiv:2601.03018v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong performance on clinical text understanding, they

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

A Multi-Perspective Benchmark and Moderation Model for Evaluating Safety and Adversarial Robustness

arXiv:2601.03273v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) become deeply embedded in daily life, the urgent need for safer modera

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

StealthRL: Reinforcement Learning Paraphrase Attacks for Multi-Detector Evasion of AI-Text Detectors

arXiv:2602.08934v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: AI-text detectors face a critical robustness challenge: adversarial paraphrasing attacks that preserve

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

LHAW: Controllable Underspecification for Long-Horizon Tasks

arXiv:2602.10525v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Long-horizon workflow agents that operate effectively over extended periods are essential for truly au

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

The Art of Efficient Reasoning: Data, Reward, and Optimization

arXiv:2602.20945v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) consistently benefit from scaled Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but al

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

On the Structural Non-Preservation of Epistemic Behaviour under Policy Transformation

arXiv:2602.21424v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) agents under partial observability often condition actions on internally a

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

CIRCUS: Circuit Consensus under Uncertainty via Stability Ensembles

arXiv:2603.00523v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Every mechanistic circuit carries an invisible asterisk: it reflects not just the model's computation,

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

From Intuition to Investigation: A Tool-Augmented Reasoning MLLM Framework for Generalizable Face Anti-Spoofing

arXiv:2603.01038v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Face recognition remains vulnerable to presentation attacks, calling for robust Face Anti-Spoofing (FA

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Strategic Navigation or Stochastic Search? How Agents and Humans Reason Over Document Collections

arXiv:2603.12180v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multimodal agents offer a promising path to automating complex document-intensive workflows. Yet, a cr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Prompt Injection as Role Confusion

arXiv:2603.12277v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Language models remain vulnerable to prompt injection attacks despite extensive safety training. We tr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

ClawWorm: Self-Propagating Attacks Across LLM Agent Ecosystems

arXiv:2603.15727v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Autonomous LLM-based agents increasingly operate as long-running processes forming densely interconnec

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

FEAT: A Linear-Complexity Foundation Model for Extremely Large Structured Data

arXiv:2603.16513v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Structured data is foundational to healthcare, finance, e-commerce, and scientific data management. La

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

S3T-Former: A Purely Spike-Driven State-Space Topology Transformer for Skeleton Action Recognition

arXiv:2603.18062v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Skeleton-based action recognition is crucial for multimedia applications but heavily relies on power-h

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Understanding Task Aggregation for Generalizable Ultrasound Foundation Models

arXiv:2603.18123v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Foundation models promise to unify multiple clinical tasks within a single framework, but recent ultra

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Retrieval-Augmented LLMs for Security Incident Analysis

arXiv:2603.18196v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Investigating cybersecurity incidents requires collecting and analyzing evidence from multiple log sou

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

R2-Dreamer: Redundancy-Reduced World Models without Decoders or Augmentation

arXiv:2603.18202v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: A central challenge in image-based Model-Based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) is to learn representatio

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

PlanTwin: Privacy-Preserving Planning Abstractions for Cloud-Assisted LLM Agents

arXiv:2603.18377v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Cloud-hosted large language models (LLMs) have become the de facto planners in agentic systems, coordi

OpenAI News 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Creating with Sora Safely

To address the novel safety challenges posed by a state-of-the-art video model as well as a new social creation platform, we’ve built Sora 2 and the Sora app wi

All We Need Is Memory, Dealing With The AI RAMpocalypse

Forbes Innovation 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

All We Need Is Memory, Dealing With The AI RAMpocalypse

Nvidia announcements show the current shortage of storage and memory could continue into the future, driving up prices and the value of the companies that produ