Core AI

Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

24,372
lessons
Skills in this topic
View full skill map →
LLM Foundations
beginner
Explain how transformers generate text
Prompt Craft
beginner
Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts
LLM Engineering
intermediate
Call LLM APIs with function/tool use
Fine-tuning LLMs
advanced
Prepare fine-tuning datasets
Multimodal LLMs
advanced
Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

Showing 4,993 reads from curated sources

How to Use NotebookLM for Study, Research & AI Podcast (Beginner Guide)
Medium · AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
How to Use NotebookLM for Study, Research & AI Podcast (Beginner Guide)
Artificial Intelligence এখন শুধু Chatbot পর্যন্ত সীমাবদ্ধ নেই। Google নতুন একটি শক্তিশালী AI Tool তৈরি করেছে — NotebookLM, যা Students… Continue reading on Medi
The Visual Architect and the Verbal Orator: Cognitive Diversity as the Next Frontier in AI Design
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
The Visual Architect and the Verbal Orator: Cognitive Diversity as the Next Frontier in AI Design
By Supat Charoensappuech, in collaboration with Gemini 3 and ChatGPT 5.3 (in normal mode, 17/04/2026) Continue reading on Medium »
Building one of the world’s smallest Gemma 4 models from Scratch (37M Parameters)
Medium · Machine Learning 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Building one of the world’s smallest Gemma 4 models from Scratch (37M Parameters)
Google released Gemma 4 in April 2025, a family of models ranging from 2 billion to 31 billion parameters. I wanted to understand how it… Continue reading on Me
Building one of the world’s smallest Gemma 4 models from Scratch (37M Parameters)
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Building one of the world’s smallest Gemma 4 models from Scratch (37M Parameters)
Google released Gemma 4 in April 2025, a family of models ranging from 2 billion to 31 billion parameters. I wanted to understand how it… Continue reading on Me
Meaning as Structured Surprise: What Large Language Models Reveal About Human Thought
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Meaning as Structured Surprise: What Large Language Models Reveal About Human Thought
LLMs appear to understand because they reproduce the structured patterns of surprise that human cognition has already filtered as… Continue reading on Medium »
Opus 4.7 Can See Better: And More About Anthropic’s Concession Prize
Forbes Innovation 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Opus 4.7 Can See Better: And More About Anthropic’s Concession Prize
Opus 4.7 brings major vision gains, better coding, while Mythos remains restricted amid safety concerns.
Train on Your Own Data: A Practical Approach to Typing and Writing Improvement
Medium · AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Train on Your Own Data: A Practical Approach to Typing and Writing Improvement
Using your ChatGPT history as a personal training system — private, local, and behavior-driven Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
How to Create a Local AI Assistant Using Python Without Paying for APIs
Stop wasting money on token fees — create your own AI assistant locally (and actually know how it works) Continue reading on Artificial Intelligence in Plain En
Medium · Machine Learning 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
How to Create a Local AI Assistant Using Python Without Paying for APIs
Stop wasting money on token fees — create your own AI assistant locally (and actually know how it works) Continue reading on Artificial Intelligence in Plain En
Medium · Data Science 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
How to Create a Local AI Assistant Using Python Without Paying for APIs
Stop wasting money on token fees — create your own AI assistant locally (and actually know how it works) Continue reading on Artificial Intelligence in Plain En
How NLP Improved My Model: Finding Signal in Customer Reviews
Medium · Machine Learning 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
How NLP Improved My Model: Finding Signal in Customer Reviews
Why adding text features succeeded where better models failed Continue reading on Medium »
10 Ways Artificial Intelligence Will Shape Your Future
Medium · Machine Learning 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
10 Ways Artificial Intelligence Will Shape Your Future
Artificial Intelligence is changing the world fast. It affects how we work and talk to each other. Artificial Intelligence is becoming a… Continue reading on Ar
Beyond Vector Addition: Why We Should Be Rotating (Not Pushing) LLMs Toward Truth
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Beyond Vector Addition: Why We Should Be Rotating (Not Pushing) LLMs Toward Truth
A fascinating new collaboration between Rice and Tufts University is challenging the status quo of how we control Large Language Models… Continue reading on Med
Run Gemma 4 26B MOE Locally on a Mac with Only ~6GB RAM
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Run Gemma 4 26B MOE Locally on a Mac with Only ~6GB RAM
A step-by-step guide to running Google’s Gemma 4 26B Mixture-of-Experts model locally on Apple Silicon using llama.cpp, mmap, and Metal —… Continue reading on M
How I Fine-Tuned OpenAI gpt-oss-20b to Talk to Claude Code
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
How I Fine-Tuned OpenAI gpt-oss-20b to Talk to Claude Code
Fine-tune on Apple Silicon, quantize to 10 GB, serve locally through vLLM-mlx Continue reading on Artificial Intelligence in Plain English »
Inside the Machine’s Mood: Exploring the Emotional Circuits that drive AI Behavior
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Inside the Machine’s Mood: Exploring the Emotional Circuits that drive AI Behavior
Anyone who has interacted with an LLM knows there is an emotional component to the interaction. LLMs are “happy” to assist you with your… Continue reading on To
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Medium · AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Attention is not all you need. Turns out, sometimes you need a snake. Continue reading on AI Advances »
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Medium · Machine Learning 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Attention is not all you need. Turns out, sometimes you need a snake. Continue reading on AI Advances »
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Medium · Data Science 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Attention is not all you need. Turns out, sometimes you need a snake. Continue reading on AI Advances »
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Medium · Deep Learning 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Mamba Unboxed: The State Space Model That’s Quietly Replacing Attention
Attention is not all you need. Turns out, sometimes you need a snake. Continue reading on AI Advances »
Most Employees Are Learning AI By Osmosis These Days
Forbes Innovation 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Most Employees Are Learning AI By Osmosis These Days
Employees, being told to work alongside AI, are forced to learn about it on their own.
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Top 5 Mistakes Developers Make When Building LLM Apps
You have built a few LLM projects maybe a chatbot for a college assignment, a summarizer for a hackathon, or a side project you pushed to… Continue reading on M
Medium · RAG 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Top 5 Mistakes Developers Make When Building LLM Apps
You have built a few LLM projects maybe a chatbot for a college assignment, a summarizer for a hackathon, or a side project you pushed to… Continue reading on M
You can’t engineer Context that doesn’t exist yet
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
You can’t engineer Context that doesn’t exist yet
I did everything right. Continue reading on Medium »
Optimizing LLM Token Usage with MCP and Smart Tool Filtering in Spring AI
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Optimizing LLM Token Usage with MCP and Smart Tool Filtering in Spring AI
What really happens when your Spring Boot app decides which tools to send to the LLM — and why getting it wrong costs you money? Continue reading on Medium »
Dev.to AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Beginner guide for anyone on ChatGPT who has never touched CODEX before. No terminal, no tech talk. Ten easy steps with a plain explanation and a tip
1. Get the Codex app onto your machine. You go to http://openai.com , find Codex up in the menu, hit the install button and grab the build for Mac or Windows I
I’m Just a Designer. I Built a Story Engine Anyway.
Medium · Startup 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
I’m Just a Designer. I Built a Story Engine Anyway.
What AI fiction is getting architecturally wrong, and what I learned breaking it apart to find out. Continue reading on Medium »
The Reasoner’s Dilemma: How “Overthinking” Breaks AI Executive Functions
Medium · Data Science 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
The Reasoner’s Dilemma: How “Overthinking” Breaks AI Executive Functions
Why generating 75,000 tokens to solve a simple logic puzzle proves that Reasoning is NOT Rule Adherence. Continue reading on Medium »
The Reasoner’s Dilemma: How “Overthinking” Breaks AI Executive Functions
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
The Reasoner’s Dilemma: How “Overthinking” Breaks AI Executive Functions
Why generating 75,000 tokens to solve a simple logic puzzle proves that Reasoning is NOT Rule Adherence. Continue reading on Medium »
Who wrote similar?
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Who wrote similar?
As a writer, I keep running into a deceptively simple question: who wrote something similar? Continue reading on Medium »
Dev.to AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Building a Real-Time Trend-to-Draft Pipeline: Beyond Simple GPT Wrappers | 0416-2237
The Context Problem in AI Content Most AI writing tools suffer from a 'Context Decay.' They rely on training data that is months or years old, or at best, a sta
The Unbearable Lightness of “Just Search”
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
The Unbearable Lightness of “Just Search”
Why calling modern AI “just search” explains far less than people think. Continue reading on Medium »
How technology skills like Python and AI can secure your future income
Medium · Python 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
How technology skills like Python and AI can secure your future income
Most people think future-proofing their income means learning more tools. Continue reading on Artificial Intelligence in Plain English »
Build and Connect Your First MCP Server to OpenCode on Windows
Medium · Python 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Build and Connect Your First MCP Server to OpenCode on Windows
How to build your own MCP server from scratch using Python, and how to make it available to an LLM like Qwen 3.5 in OpenCode. Continue reading on Generative AI
Build and Connect Your First MCP Server to OpenCode on Windows
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Build and Connect Your First MCP Server to OpenCode on Windows
How to build your own MCP server from scratch using Python, and how to make it available to an LLM like Qwen 3.5 in OpenCode. Continue reading on Generative AI
Unlock Creative Power with a 400+ Suno AI Product Pack: The Ultimate SunoAI Prompt Collection for…
Medium · ChatGPT 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Unlock Creative Power with a 400+ Suno AI Product Pack: The Ultimate SunoAI Prompt Collection for…
400+ sunoai prompt pack Continue reading on Medium »
All About Claude Opus 4.7 Features
Medium · AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
All About Claude Opus 4.7 Features
Continue reading on Medium »
Beyond OpenAI: Evolving My Resume AI Project with RAG, Fine-Tuning & LangGraph
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Beyond OpenAI: Evolving My Resume AI Project with RAG, Fine-Tuning & LangGraph
In one of my earlier blogs, I built a resume analysis system using OpenAI APIs. It worked well — clean prompts, quick responses, and a… Continue reading on Medi
Beyond OpenAI: Evolving My Resume AI Project with RAG, Fine-Tuning & LangGraph
Medium · RAG 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Beyond OpenAI: Evolving My Resume AI Project with RAG, Fine-Tuning & LangGraph
In one of my earlier blogs, I built a resume analysis system using OpenAI APIs. It worked well — clean prompts, quick responses, and a… Continue reading on Medi
The Fundamental Architecture of LLMs: A Perspective Through Information Theory and Lossy…
Medium · Programming 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
The Fundamental Architecture of LLMs: A Perspective Through Information Theory and Lossy…
Introduction Continue reading on Medium »
The Fundamental Architecture of LLMs: A Perspective Through Information Theory and Lossy…
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
The Fundamental Architecture of LLMs: A Perspective Through Information Theory and Lossy…
Introduction Continue reading on Medium »
The Silent Shift No One Warned You About
Medium · ChatGPT 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
The Silent Shift No One Warned You About
How ChatGPT Is Quietly Replacing Entry-Level Jobs and What You Should Do About It Continue reading on Activated Thinker »
AI Got Weird
Medium · Programming 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
AI Got Weird
I asked AI a simple question about a bug during one of our incidents (which seem to be getting more frequent these days). Continue reading on Medium »
Dev.to AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Understanding Transformers Part 8: Shared Weights in Self-Attention
In the previous article , we started calculating the self-attention values. Let’s now calculate the self-attention values for the word “go” . We do not need to
Dev.to AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 4d ago
Claude vs GPT-4o for Autonomous Agent Work: 30 Days of Real Data
Not a benchmark. Not a vibe check. Thirty days of running both models on the same autonomous agent workloads — content production, code generation, API integrat
Anthropic Didn’t Raise Claude’s 4.7 Prices. It Just Made Them 35% More Expensive.
Medium · LLM 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
Anthropic Didn’t Raise Claude’s 4.7 Prices. It Just Made Them 35% More Expensive.
Anthropic just released a new version of its LLM: Claude 4.7. Continue reading on Medium »
Big Tobacco Needed Forty Years of Think Tanks. Musk Just Needs a System Prompt.
Medium · AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
Big Tobacco Needed Forty Years of Think Tanks. Musk Just Needs a System Prompt.
By Penn Sharp·Editor-in-Chief Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Machine Learning 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 5d ago
Stop Looking for the “Best” LLM: Make Harmony
In the fast-paced world of Artificial Intelligence, the title of “The Best Model” changes almost weekly. One day a model leads in… Continue reading on Medium »