Core AI

Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

24,862
lessons
Skills in this topic
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LLM Foundations
beginner
Explain how transformers generate text
Prompt Craft
beginner
Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts
LLM Engineering
intermediate
Call LLM APIs with function/tool use
Fine-tuning LLMs
advanced
Prepare fine-tuning datasets
Multimodal LLMs
advanced
Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

Showing 5,409 reads from curated sources

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
MindCube: Spatial Mental Modeling from Limited Views
arXiv:2506.21458v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Can Vision-Language Models (VLMs) imagine the full scene from just a few views, like humans do? Humans form
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
CLAUSE: Agentic Neuro-Symbolic Knowledge Graph Reasoning via Dynamic Learnable Context Engineering
arXiv:2509.21035v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Knowledge graphs provide structured context for multi-hop question answering, but deployed systems must bala
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Symbol Grounding in Neuro-Symbolic AI: A Gentle Introduction to Reasoning Shortcuts
arXiv:2510.14538v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI aims to develop deep neural networks whose predictions comply with prior knowledge
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
From Efficiency to Adaptivity: A Deeper Look at Adaptive Reasoning in Large Language Models
arXiv:2511.10788v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made reasoning a central benchmark for evaluating intel
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
MedBayes-Lite: Bayesian Uncertainty Quantification for Safe Clinical Decision Support
arXiv:2511.16625v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We propose MedBayes-Lite, a lightweight Bayesian enhancement for transformer-based clinical language models
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Med-CMR: A Fine-Grained Benchmark Integrating Visual Evidence and Clinical Logic for Medical Complex Multimodal Reasoning
arXiv:2512.00818v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: MLLMs MLLMs are beginning to appear in clinical workflows, but their ability to perform complex medical reas
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
The Geometry of Thought: How Scale Restructures Reasoning In Large Language Models
arXiv:2601.13358v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Scale does not uniformly improve reasoning - it restructures it. Analyzing 25,000+ chain-of-thought trajecto
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Distilling LLM Reasoning into Graph of Concept Predictors
arXiv:2602.03006v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) for discriminative workloads is often limited by inference latency, c
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
GenOL: Generating Diverse Examples for Name-only Online Learning
arXiv:2403.10853v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Online learning methods often rely on supervised data. However, under data distribution shifts, such a
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
SemioLLM: Evaluating Large Language Models for Diagnostic Reasoning from Unstructured Clinical Narratives in Epilepsy
arXiv:2407.03004v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to encode clinical knowledge. Many evaluations, however,
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
EventChat: Implementation and user-centric evaluation of a large language model-driven conversational recommender system for exploring leisure events in an SME context
arXiv:2407.04472v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) present an enormous evolution in the strategic potential of conversationa
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
We'll Fix it in Post: Improving Text-to-Video Generation with Neuro-Symbolic Feedback
arXiv:2504.17180v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Current text-to-video (T2V) generation models are increasingly popular due to their ability to produce
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Aleph-Alpha-GermanWeb: Improving German-language LLM pre-training with model-based data curation and synthetic data generation
arXiv:2505.00022v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Scaling data quantity is essential for large language models (LLMs), yet recent findings show that dat
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
LLM-Meta-SR: In-Context Learning for Evolving Selection Operators in Symbolic Regression
arXiv:2505.18602v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized algorithm development, yet their application in symbo
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
FA-INR: Adaptive Implicit Neural Representations for Interpretable Exploration of Simulation Ensembles
arXiv:2506.06858v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Surrogate models are essential for efficient exploration of large-scale ensemble simulations. Implicit
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Denoising the Future: Top-p Distributions for Moving Through Time
arXiv:2506.07578v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inference in dynamic probabilistic models is a complex task involving expensive operations. In particu
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Accelerating Diffusion Large Language Models with SlowFast Sampling: The Three Golden Principles
arXiv:2506.10848v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Diffusion-based language models (dLLMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional autoreg
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
QuestA: Expanding Reasoning Capacity in LLMs via Question Augmentation
arXiv:2507.13266v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a central paradigm for training large language models (LLMs
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Improving Liver Disease Diagnosis with SNNDeep: A Custom Spiking Neural Network Using Diverse Learning Algorithms
arXiv:2508.20125v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Purpose: Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have recently gained attention as energy-efficient, biological
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Incorporating LLM Embeddings for Variation Across the Human Genome
arXiv:2509.20702v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in large language model (LLM) embeddings have enabled powerful representations for bio
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Semantic Voting: A Self-Evaluation-Free Approach for Efficient LLM Self-Improvement on Unverifiable Open-ended Tasks
arXiv:2509.23067v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rising cost of acquiring supervised data has driven significant interest in self-improvement for l
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Align Your Query: Representation Alignment for Multimodality Medical Object Detection
arXiv:2510.02789v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Medical object detection suffers when a single detector is trained on mixed medical modalities (e.g.,
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Expressive Power of Implicit Models: Rich Equilibria and Test-Time Scaling
arXiv:2510.03638v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Implicit models, an emerging model class, compute outputs by iterating a single parameter block to a f
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
REN: Anatomically-Informed Mixture-of-Experts for Interstitial Lung Disease Diagnosis
arXiv:2510.04923v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures achieve scalable learning by routing inputs to specialized subn
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
TransFIRA: Transfer Learning for Face Image Recognizability Assessment
arXiv:2510.06353v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Face recognition in unconstrained environments such as surveillance, video, and web imagery must conte
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
A Semi-amortized Lifted Learning-to-Optimize Masked (SALLO-M) Transformer Model for Scalable and Generalizable Beamforming
arXiv:2510.13077v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We develop an unsupervised deep learning framework for real-time scalable and generalizable downlink b
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
ShishuLM : Achieving Optimal and Efficient Parameterization with Low Attention Transformer Models
arXiv:2510.13860v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While the transformer architecture has achieved state-of-the-art performance on natural language proce
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Masked IRL: LLM-Guided Reward Disambiguation from Demonstrations and Language
arXiv:2511.14565v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Robots can adapt to user preferences by learning reward functions from demonstrations, but with limite
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
ReAG: Reasoning-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering
arXiv:2511.22715v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in jointly understanding t
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
VLA Models Are More Generalizable Than You Think: Revisiting Physical and Spatial Modeling
arXiv:2512.02902v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) models achieve strong in-distribution performance but degrade sharply und
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
A Systematic Framework for Enterprise Knowledge Retrieval: Leveraging LLM-Generated Metadata to Enhance RAG Systems
arXiv:2512.05411v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In enterprise settings, efficiently retrieving relevant information from large and complex knowledge b
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
InfiniteVL: Synergizing Linear and Sparse Attention for Highly-Efficient, Unlimited-Input Vision-Language Models
arXiv:2512.08829v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly tasked with ultra-long multimodal understanding. While
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Stronger Normalization-Free Transformers
arXiv:2512.10938v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Although normalization layers have long been viewed as indispensable components of deep learning archi
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Evaluation of Generative Models for Emotional 3D Animation Generation in VR
arXiv:2512.16081v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Social interactions incorporate nonverbal signals to convey emotions alongside speech, including facia
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Merging Triggers, Breaking Backdoors: Defensive Poisoning for Instruction-Tuned Language Models
arXiv:2601.04448v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly thr
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
The Mouth is Not the Brain: Bridging Energy-Based World Models and Language Generation
arXiv:2601.17094v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) generate fluent text, yet whether they truly understand the world or mere
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
PAIR-Former: Budgeted Relational MIL for miRNA Target Prediction
arXiv:2602.00465v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Functional miRNA--mRNA targeting is a large-bag prediction problem: each transcript yields a heavy-tai
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
$V_0$: A Generalist Value Model for Any Policy at State Zero
arXiv:2602.03584v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Policy gradient methods rely on a baseline to measure the relative advantage of an action, ensuring th
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
How to Train Your Long-Context Visual Document Model
arXiv:2602.15257v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present the first comprehensive, large-scale study of training long-context vision language models
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Understanding vs. Generation: Navigating Optimization Dilemma in Multimodal Models
arXiv:2602.15772v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Current research in multimodal models faces a key challenge where enhancing generative capabilities of
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
DGPO: RL-Steered Graph Diffusion for Neural Architecture Generation
arXiv:2602.19261v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning fine-tuning has proven effective for steering generative diffusion models towar
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Evidential Neural Radiance Fields
arXiv:2602.23574v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Understanding sources of uncertainty is fundamental to trustworthy three-dimensional scene modeling. W
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
When Metrics Disagree: Automatic Similarity vs. LLM-as-a-Judge for Clinical Dialogue Evaluation
arXiv:2603.00314v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into healthcare to address complex inquiri
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Training for Technology: Adoption and Productive Use of Generative AI in Legal Analysis
arXiv:2603.04982v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Can targeted user training unlock the productive potential of generative artificial intelligence in pr
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
When Rubrics Fail: Error Enumeration as Reward in Reference-Free RL Post-Training for Virtual Try-On
arXiv:2603.05659v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) and Rubrics as Rewards (RaR) have driven strong
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
Not All News Is Equal: Topic- and Event-Conditional Sentiment from Finetuned LLMs for Aluminum Price Forecasting
arXiv:2603.09085v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: By capturing the prevailing sentiment and market mood, textual data has become increasingly vital for
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
How do LLMs Compute Verbal Confidence
arXiv:2603.17839v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Verbal confidence -- prompting LLMs to state their confidence as a number or category -- is widely use
Dev.to AI 🧠 Large Language Models ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago
I Read All 512,000 Lines of Claude Code's Leaked Source — Here's What Anthropic Was Hiding
The Leak Claude Code's entire source code — 512,000 lines — was recently leaked. I spent days reading through every file and documented my findings in an open-s