Core AI

Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

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LLM Foundations

Explain how transformers generate text

Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts

LLM Engineering

Call LLM APIs with function/tool use

Fine-tuning LLMs

Prepare fine-tuning datasets

Multimodal LLMs

Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

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ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Temporally Decoupled Diffusion Planning for Autonomous Driving

arXiv:2603.25462v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Motion planning in dynamic urban environments requires balancing immediate safety with long-term goals. While

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Maximum Entropy Behavior Exploration for Sim2Real Zero-Shot Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2603.25464v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Zero-shot reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms aim to learn a family of policies from a reward-free dataset,

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Revisiting On-Policy Distillation: Empirical Failure Modes and Simple Fixes

arXiv:2603.25562v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD) is appealing for large language model (LLM) post-training because it evaluates te

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Are LLMs Overkill for Databases?: A Study on the Finiteness of SQL

arXiv:2603.25568v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Translating natural language to SQL for data retrieval has become more accessible thanks to code generation LL

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

TAAC: A gate into Trustable Audio Affective Computing

arXiv:2603.25570v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: With the emergence of AI techniques for depression diagnosis, the conflict between high demand and limited sup

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Demographic Fairness in Multimodal LLMs: A Benchmark of Gender and Ethnicity Bias in Face Verification

arXiv:2603.25613v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently been explored as face verification systems that determi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Beyond Via: Analysis and Estimation of the Impact of Large Language Models in Academic Papers

arXiv:2603.25638v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Through an analysis of arXiv papers, we report several shifts in word usage that are likely driven by large la

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

A Mentalistic Interface for Probing Folk-Psychological Attribution to Non-Humanoid Robots

arXiv:2603.25646v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents an experimental platform for studying intentional-state attribution toward a non-humanoid

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Measuring What Matters -- or What's Convenient?: Robustness of LLM-Based Scoring Systems to Construct-Irrelevant Factors

arXiv:2603.25674v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated systems have been widely adopted across the educational testing industry for open-response assessmen

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

A Unified Memory Perspective for Probabilistic Trustworthy AI

arXiv:2603.25692v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Trustworthy artificial intelligence increasingly relies on probabilistic computation to achieve robustness, in

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

The Kitchen Loop: User-Spec-Driven Development for a Self-Evolving Codebase

arXiv:2603.25697v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Code production is now a commodity; the bottleneck is knowing what to build and proving it works. We present t

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Neural Network Conversion of Machine Learning Pipelines

arXiv:2603.25699v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Transfer learning and knowledge distillation has recently gained a lot of attention in the deep learning commu

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Out of Sight but Not Out of Mind: Hybrid Memory for Dynamic Video World Models

arXiv:2603.25716v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Video world models have shown immense potential in simulating the physical world, yet existing memory mechanis

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Natural-Language Agent Harnesses

arXiv:2603.25723v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agent performance increasingly depends on \emph{harness engineering}, yet harness design is usually buried in

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Drive My Way: Preference Alignment of Vision-Language-Action Model for Personalized Driving

arXiv:2603.25740v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Human driving behavior is inherently personal, which is shaped by long-term habits and influenced by short-ter

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Working Paper: Active Causal Structure Learning with Latent Variables: Towards Learning to Detour in Autonomous Robots

arXiv:2410.20894v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) Agents and Robots must be able to cope with everchanging environments

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Semi-Strongly solved: a New Definition Leading Computer to Perfect Gameplay

arXiv:2411.01029v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Strong solving of perfect-information games certifies optimal play from every reachable position, but the re

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Research on environment perception and behavior prediction of intelligent UAV based on semantic communication

arXiv:2501.04480v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The convergence of drone delivery systems, virtual worlds, and blockchain has transformed logistics and supp

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Concepts Learned Visually by Infants Can Contribute to Visual Learning and Understanding in AI Models

arXiv:2503.03361v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Early in development, infants learn to extract surprisingly complex aspects of visual scenes. This early lea

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

TrustGeoGen: Formal-Verified Data Engine for Trustworthy Multi-modal Geometric Problem Solving

arXiv:2504.15780v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Geometric problem solving (GPS) requires precise multimodal understanding and rigorous, step-by-step logical

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Interactive Query Answering on Knowledge Graphs with Soft Entity Constraints

arXiv:2508.13663v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Methods for query answering over incomplete knowledge graphs retrieve entities that are \emph{likely} to be

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Do Language Models Follow Occam's Razor? An Evaluation of Parsimony in Inductive and Abductive Reasoning

arXiv:2509.03345v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Non-deductive reasoning, encompassing inductive and abductive reasoning, is essential in addressing complex

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

From What to Why: A Multi-Agent System for Evidence-based Chemical Reaction Condition Reasoning

arXiv:2509.23768v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The chemical reaction recommendation is to select proper reaction condition parameters for chemical reaction

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Planned Diffusion

arXiv:2510.18087v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Most large language models are autoregressive: they generate tokens one at a time. Discrete diffusion langua

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Analysing Environmental Efficiency in AI for X-Ray Diagnosis

arXiv:2511.07436v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The integration of AI tools into medical applications has aimed to improve the efficiency of diagnosis. The

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

XGrammar-2: Efficient Dynamic Structured Generation Engine for Agentic LLMs

arXiv:2601.04426v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern LLM agents increasingly rely on dynamic structured generation, such as tool calling and response prot

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

RetroAgent: From Solving to Evolving via Retrospective Dual Intrinsic Feedback

arXiv:2603.08561v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Standard reinforcement learning (RL) for large language model (LLM) agents typically optimizes extrinsic rew

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Consequentialist Objectives and Catastrophe

arXiv:2603.15017v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Because human preferences are too complex to codify, AIs operate with misspecified objectives. Optimizing su

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Characterizing Linear Alignment Across Language Models

arXiv:2603.18908v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Language models increasingly appear to learn similar representations, despite differences in training object

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Man and machine: artificial intelligence and judicial decision making

arXiv:2603.19042v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into judicial decision-making, particularly in

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Scalable High-Resolution Pixel-Space Image Synthesis with Hourglass Diffusion Transformers

arXiv:2401.11605v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present the Hourglass Diffusion Transformer (HDiT), an image generative model that exhibits linear

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

The Future of AI-Driven Software Engineering

arXiv:2406.07737v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: A paradigm shift is underway in Software Engineering, with AI systems such as LLMs playing an increasi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

CodeRefine: A Pipeline for Enhancing LLM-Generated Code Implementations of Research Papers

arXiv:2408.13366v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper presents CodeRefine, a novel framework for automatically transforming research paper method

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

LLMs know their vulnerabilities: Uncover Safety Gaps through Natural Distribution Shifts

arXiv:2410.10700v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Safety concerns in large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention due to their exposur

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

LLM4AD: Large Language Models for Autonomous Driving -- Concept, Review, Benchmark, Experiments, and Future Trends

arXiv:2410.15281v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: With the broader adoption and highly successful development of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

The Limits of Inference Scaling Through Resampling

arXiv:2411.17501v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent research has generated hope that inference scaling, such as resampling solutions until they pas

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Physics-Informed Evolution: An Evolutionary Framework for Solving Quantum Control Problems Involving the Schr\"odinger Equation

arXiv:2502.05228v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Physics-informed Neural Networks (PINNs) show that embedding physical laws directly into the learning

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

The LLM Bottleneck: Why Open-Source Vision LLMs Struggle with Hierarchical Visual Recognition

arXiv:2505.24840v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper reveals that many open-source large language models (LLMs) lack hierarchical knowledge abou

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

DRIFT: Dynamic Rule-Based Defense with Injection Isolation for Securing LLM Agents

arXiv:2506.12104v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly central to agentic systems due to their strong reasoning

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Instruction Following by Principled Boosting Attention of Large Language Models

arXiv:2506.13734v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models' behavior is often shaped by instructions such as system prompts, refusal bounda

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

BMFM-RNA: whole-cell expression decoding improves transcriptomic foundation models

arXiv:2506.14861v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Transcriptomic foundation models pretrained with masked language modeling can achieve low pretraining

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Predicting Human Mobility during Extreme Events via LLM-Enhanced Cross-City Learning

arXiv:2507.19737v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The vulnerability of cities has increased with urbanization and climate change, making it more importa

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

CodeNER: Code Prompting for Named Entity Recognition

arXiv:2507.20423v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent studies have explored various approaches for treating candidate named entity spans as both sour

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Hierarchical Adaptive networks with Task vectors for Test-Time Adaptation

arXiv:2508.09223v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Test-time adaptation allows pretrained models to adjust to incoming data streams, addressing distribut

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

Mapping the Course for Prompt-based Structured Prediction

arXiv:2508.15090v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in a wide-range of language tasks wi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

The Information Dynamics of Generative Diffusion

arXiv:2508.19897v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generative diffusion models have emerged as a powerful class of models in machine learning, yet a unif

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

End-to-End Low-Level Neural Control of an Industrial-Grade 6D Magnetic Levitation System

arXiv:2509.01388v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Magnetic levitation is poised to revolutionize industrial automation by integrating flexible in-machin

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago

GeoResponder: Towards Building Geospatial LLMs for Time-Critical Disaster Response

arXiv:2509.19354v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: LLMs excel at linguistic tasks but lack the inner geospatial capabilities needed for time-critical dis