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Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

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LLM Foundations

Explain how transformers generate text

Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts

LLM Engineering

Call LLM APIs with function/tool use

Fine-tuning LLMs

Prepare fine-tuning datasets

Multimodal LLMs

Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

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ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Diagnosing and Repairing Unsafe Channels in Vision-Language Models via Causal Discovery and Dual-Modal Safety Subspace Projection

arXiv:2603.27240v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved impressive performance across multimodal understanding and

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Zero-shot Vision-Language Reranking for Cross-View Geolocalization

arXiv:2603.27251v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cross-view geolocalization (CVGL) systems, while effective at retrieving a list of relevant candidates (high R

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Amalgam: Hybrid LLM-PGM Synthesis Algorithm for Accuracy and Realism

arXiv:2603.27254v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: To generate synthetic datasets, e.g., in domains such as healthcare, the literature proposes approaches of two

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

From Foundation ECG Models to NISQ Learners: Distilling ECGFounder into a VQC Student

arXiv:2603.27269v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Foundation models have recently improved electrocardiogram (ECG) representation learning, but their deployment

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Codebase-Memory: Tree-Sitter-Based Knowledge Graphs for LLM Code Exploration via MCP

arXiv:2603.27277v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) coding agents typically explore codebases through repeated file-reading and grep-se

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

GUIDE: Guided Updates for In-context Decision Evolution in LLM-Driven Spacecraft Operations

arXiv:2603.27306v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have been proposed as supervisory agents for spacecraft operations, but existing

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Culturally Adaptive Explainable LLM Assessment for Multilingual Information Disorder: A Human-in-the-Loop Approach

arXiv:2603.27356v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recognizing information disorder is difficult because judgments about manipulation depend on cultural and ling

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Conditional Factuality Controlled LLMs with Generalization Certificates via Conformal Sampling

arXiv:2603.27403v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) need reliable test-time control of hallucinations. Existing conformal methods for

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

The Geometry of Harmful Intent: Training-Free Anomaly Detection via Angular Deviation in LLM Residual Streams

arXiv:2603.27412v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present LatentBiopsy, a training-free method for detecting harmful prompts by analysing the geometry of res

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

CarbonEdge: Carbon-Aware Deep Learning Inference Framework for Sustainable Edge Computing

arXiv:2603.27420v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep learning applications at the network edge lead to a significant growth in AI-related carbon emissions, pr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Improving Attributed Long-form Question Answering with Intent Awareness

arXiv:2603.27435v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to generate comprehensive, knowledge-intensive report

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Multi-Agent Dialectical Refinement for Enhanced Argument Classification

arXiv:2603.27451v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Argument Mining (AM) is a foundational technology for automated writing evaluation, yet traditional supervised

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Project Imaging-X: A Survey of 1000+ Open-Access Medical Imaging Datasets for Foundation Model Development

arXiv:2603.27460v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Foundation models have demonstrated remarkable success across diverse domains and tasks, primarily due to the

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

TurboAngle: Near-Lossless KV Cache Compression via Uniform Angle Quantization

arXiv:2603.27467v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We compress KV cache entries by quantizing angles in the Fast Walsh-Hadamard domain, where a random diagonal r

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

On Token's Dilemma: Dynamic MoE with Drift-Aware Token Assignment for Continual Learning of Large Vision Language Models

arXiv:2603.27481v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Continual Instruction Tuning aims to continually enhance Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) by le

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Difference Feedback: Generating Multimodal Process-Level Supervision for VLM Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2603.27482v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision--language models (VLMs) are increasingly aligned via Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO)-style tr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Copilot-Assisted Second-Thought Framework for Brain-to-Robot Hand Motion Decoding

arXiv:2603.27492v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Motor kinematics prediction (MKP) from electroencephalography (EEG) is an important research area for developi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Learning to Focus and Precise Cropping: A Reinforcement Learning Framework with Information Gaps and Grounding Loss for MLLMs

arXiv:2603.27494v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: To enhance the perception and reasoning capabilities of multimodal large language models in complex visual sce

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Toward Reliable Evaluation of LLM-Based Financial Multi-Agent Systems: Taxonomy, Coordination Primacy, and Cost Awareness

arXiv:2603.27539v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-agent systems based on large language models (LLMs) for financial trading have grown rapidly since 2023,

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

STRIDE: When to Speak Meets Sequence Denoising for Streaming Video Understanding

arXiv:2603.27593v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent progress in video large language models (Video-LLMs) has enabled strong offline reasoning over long and

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Expert Streaming: Accelerating Low-Batch MoE Inference via Multi-chiplet Architecture and Dynamic Expert Trajectory Scheduling

arXiv:2603.27624v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts is a promising approach for edge AI with low-batch inference. Yet, on-device deployments of

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Umwelt Engineering: Designing the Cognitive Worlds of Linguistic Agents

arXiv:2603.27626v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: I propose Umwelt engineering -- the deliberate design of the linguistic cognitive environment -- as a third la

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

EvA: An Evidence-First Audio Understanding Paradigm for LALMs

arXiv:2603.27667v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) still struggle in complex acoustic scenes because they often fail to prese

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

LVRPO: Language-Visual Alignment with GRPO for Multimodal Understanding and Generation

arXiv:2603.27693v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Unified multimodal pretraining has emerged as a promising paradigm for jointly modeling language and vision wi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

RAP: Retrieve, Adapt, and Prompt-Fit for Training-Free Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv:2603.27705v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Few-shot medical image segmentation (FSMIS) has achieved notable progress, yet most existing methods mainly re

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

KVSculpt: KV Cache Compression as Distillation

arXiv:2603.27819v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: KV cache compression is critical for efficient long-context LLM inference. Approaches that reduce the per-pair

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Kernel Dynamics under Path Entropy Maximization

arXiv:2603.27880v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a variational framework in which the kernel function k : X x X -> R, interpreted as the foundationa

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

ITQ3_S: High-Fidelity 3-bit LLM Inference via Interleaved Ternary Quantization with Rotation-Domain Smoothing

arXiv:2603.27914v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present \textbf{ITQ3\_S} (Interleaved Ternary Quantization -- Specialized), a novel 3-bit weight quantizati

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Adversarial Attacks on Multimodal Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey

arXiv:2603.27918v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) integrate information from multiple modalities such as text, images,

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

JaWildText: A Benchmark for Vision-Language Models on Japanese Scene Text Understanding

arXiv:2603.27942v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Japanese scene text poses challenges that multilingual benchmarks often fail to capture, including mixed scrip

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

CDH-Bench: A Commonsense-Driven Hallucination Benchmark for Evaluating Visual Fidelity in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2603.27982v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on many benchmarks, yet a basic reliability question

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

FedFG: Privacy-Preserving and Robust Federated Learning via Flow-Matching Generation

arXiv:2603.27986v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated learning (FL) enables distributed clients to collaboratively train a global model using local privat

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Beyond Dataset Distillation: Lossless Dataset Concentration via Diffusion-Assisted Distribution Alignment

arXiv:2603.27987v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The high cost and accessibility problem associated with large datasets hinder the development of large-scale v

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

ViviDoc: Generating Interactive Documents through Human-Agent Collaboration

arXiv:2603.27991v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Interactive documents help readers engage with complex ideas through dynamic visualization, interactive animat

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Kill-Chain Canaries: Stage-Level Tracking of Prompt Injection Across Attack Surfaces and Model Safety Tiers

arXiv:2603.28013v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present a stage-decomposed analysis of prompt injection attacks against five frontier LLM agents. Prior wor

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Synonymix: Unified Group Personas for Generative Simulations

arXiv:2603.28066v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative agent simulations operate at two scales: individual personas for character interaction, and populat

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

MolmoPoint: Better Pointing for VLMs with Grounding Tokens

arXiv:2603.28069v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Grounding has become a fundamental capability of vision-language models (VLMs). Most existing VLMs point by ge

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

MOSS-VoiceGenerator: Create Realistic Voices with Natural Language Descriptions

arXiv:2603.28086v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Voice design from natural language aims to generate speaker timbres directly from free-form textual descriptio

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Transcription and Recognition of Italian Parliamentary Speeches Using Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2603.28103v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Parliamentary proceedings represent a rich yet challenging resource for computational analysis, particularly w

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Q-DIVER: Integrated Quantum Transfer Learning and Differentiable Quantum Architecture Search with EEG Data

arXiv:2603.28122v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Integrating quantum circuits into deep learning pipelines remains challenging due to heuristic design limitati

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Does Claude's Constitution Have a Culture?

arXiv:2603.28123v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Constitutional AI (CAI) aligns language models with explicitly stated normative principles, offering a transpa

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

MDPBench: A Benchmark for Multilingual Document Parsing in Real-World Scenarios

arXiv:2603.28130v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce Multilingual Document Parsing Benchmark, the first benchmark for multilingual digital and photogr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

RecycleLoRA: Rank-Revealing QR-Based Dual-LoRA Subspace Adaptation for Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentation

arXiv:2603.28142v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Domain Generalized Semantic Segmentation (DGSS) aims to maintain robust performance across unseen target domai

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Evaluating Privilege Usage of Agents on Real-World Tools

arXiv:2603.28166v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Equipping LLM agents with real-world tools can substantially improve productivity. However, granting agents au

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

ERPO: Token-Level Entropy-Regulated Policy Optimization for Large Reasoning Models

arXiv:2603.28204v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) has significantly advanced the reasoning capabilities of

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

DiffAttn: Diffusion-Based Drivers' Visual Attention Prediction with LLM-Enhanced Semantic Reasoning

arXiv:2603.28251v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Drivers' visual attention provides critical cues for anticipating latent hazards and directly shapes decision-

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Categorical Perception in Large Language Model Hidden States: Structural Warping at Digit-Count Boundaries

arXiv:2603.28258v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Categorical perception (CP) -- enhanced discriminability at category boundaries -- is among the most studied p

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 3w ago

Merge and Conquer: Instructing Multilingual Models by Adding Target Language Weights

arXiv:2603.28263v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) remain heavily centered on English, with limited performance in low-resource lang