DSA In Java | Strings | Java in One Shot | Strings in Java

Key Takeaways

Look, there are two things. One of these generals now We will pace up a bit. Ok? The pace of teaching is a little It will increase. I will try slowly To teach. But the fact is we have to cover a Lot. Ok? So a little bit with you friend I will have to cope up with mine. Ok? And What is good is that we are at a time when Where there is more importance of semester exams There is no problem. Yes, when it's about to end But if there is a batch then at that time your mid There may be semesters. So a little bit of us We will see that it ends before that. So Pace Please maintain some peace with me. Please Do peer learning. Don't be inside the group Be ashamed. Ok? I see the children Ask questions. Rest of the children their answers Let's see. I like that. Correct Is? That is a good way to learn. Zijko Don't please do peer learning. a child to me He was messaging that brother even till late night If you study, then become like such children. They The child watches lectures for two hours, then two hours. He also gives minimum hours on his own. For the thing. You too should become such a child Is. Ok? If things make little sense At least a little. Otherwise it could be done in an hour. Work. Some children even do it along with the class. Let's take it. Ok? The second one is that no Backlogs. Please make sure this doesn't happen, friend. Son, when the backlog starts, the first thing you should do is So you will watch the live in recorded mode. If You can watch the live recording on the day you Started it from that day and created a backlog Will be done. Why? Why? because you You will think that you have access for 2 years. 2 years old Access is batch. Watch anytime. Ok? It seems that I can see it anytime, so I get used to it. It becomes dirty. So this please Strictly I am saying no backlog. One more thing that Kids dude who have binary search yet Those who have not even read Time Space Did not read it in a complex manner. to D I did not read it properly. Just the basics of arrays If you have read this then you know about Strings in Java You can understand. Meaning Strings You will understand the topic if you know it. So. Ok? Someone pays too much There is no visit. But The point was that friend, today this has to end for me. Have to do it. So a little bit because already 20 It's a minute late. Class will be till 10:30. Please Cope up with me. Ok? Food on the side Keep it for yourself. Today it will be just strings. Ok? so very Good morning children. Write good evening Has given. Happiness, contentment, blessings, Vivek said it will be a string today. yes sir today Extra time will do. Yes, it will definitely work Friend Madhav, this has never happened. ever happened It is not that it should be less than 2 hours. never like this It has not happened. OK we Sir, it's backlogged, son, don't do this. Now Let's go today, okay. Do you understand today's topic? Will you take it? Please, this binary search that we read There is a lot of time and space complexity It is more important. Cover these. They The two-dimensional array is important. even though his If you missed the last lecture, just that one It's a different matter. Those were questions. Ok? You can do that anytime. But topic's First Lecture and His Kind of Something You have to create problems so that You should understand things well. Isn't it? They You have to make sure the mains. Second from tomorrow Recycling will begin. Ok? I want to tell you one thing, what? If you listen carefully to the two D array. No I have read it. Ok? If you did binary search I haven't read it, okay? So, never mind, You can turn on regression. But I want Yes, this is such an important topic. less We will spend at least three to five days on this. Pay. Ok? You have to stay with me. Absolutely Complete. This is not to be missed. whatever it may be Go. Ok? There should be a function for the whole family Ignore it for now. This is very much It is important. There is a lot to learn in this life. It is important. It is a very important topic. Correct Is? Any number of data structures Without reconciliation you can't do anything You can. Ok? We Come on brother. Ajay friend comes within 24 hours. However, it can also come in two-three hours. He is us Still, they take one. awesome awesome Yes, from tomorrow it will be a game of death, stop joking. Let me tell you one more thing today. I was making the PPT but it is not ready yet. I'll show you, okay, I'll show you. If we read the registration, I have already said this has made a little It's okay, we won't cry so much. We won't cry so much, but Just seeing the title, I can't cry beyond that. Ok Get ready, the rest is great, let's get started. Let's do it now, the kids have also come, enough, friend. The children have come, no, I am not scared anyway. Look, there are two things if you ask me who do you study from Just me and from the beginning, me You might find the recovery easy, I don't know about the rest. ok so please make sure if I are you reading Brother, someone else or a fan influencer, some sister Someone this, someone that, someone this, please talk about this topic So ignore it for now, I have to read something else. Here, read this from me and start the whole from to the end okay brother yes Look, Karan has already read it and is sorted. Here it is, come here, where did that empty slide go? Is. Let's go content, so content hum What are you going to read? of string Basic methods means built in methods, basic Input Output Built in Methods, Immutability is a very important concept. and the string builder is going to read and Then we will ask some questions. Correct Hey brother, let's come here friend. not yours Viplav is my favourite. character array is the most First of all, if I make a car And we can definitely create an array. You can also write equal to new care or Or you can write it here also. such as values Here I am taking some letters. R A Yes H A B always used to take your names. Now My name will be here. So I got a size six inside which my The name is Sturd. So this character array Actually these character arrays are called We call them strings. Ok? We can call character arrays as strings They say. Do you understand? Do you understand? We call character arrays strings. Generally in C language, everywhere in C++ They say. Now inside Java also we can use character Can create arrays. Yes, I can definitely make it Are. There is no prohibition. butt inside java By default a string data type It happens on me too. What? string As a data type. However, it is wrong to say will be. Just to explain a little bit to you I am writing it. to say this exactly It will not be right. Ok? But yes, non-primitive data types You can call him kind of. Yellow Turned off annotations for you. Thank you. Internal character arrays in strings only It is maintained. Yes, Aditya, that's exactly it. It happens. That too on that, on point too Will come. Off course. Now string as a data We understand a little bit about this type. Character We already know how to create an area. And Let's initialize them a bit now. Are. Let's look at everything else. string As a data type we look at a little bit. We Come straight away friend, intelligent here Idea Pay. It's been a long time today, friend. Then From GFG's practice platform He's moving a little bit. I didn't even turn on I have done it brother. Ok. Intelligent idea. He is intelligent after all. Let's share Are. We Ok. Ok. Ok. Stop this. Why haven't I done this full screen before? Did? Yes sir. Do you see an intelligent idea? Used to be? Please tell me. Please We're yo okay. Yup great. So all of you Open Intelligent Idea. so fast and Go to the source folder calmly. New Pay Go. Go to Packages. write strings Give it. Let's get this thing going, man. here Let's create our first file, friend. string Basics public static void main Hide this. This Make it bigger. Come see as I have told you Told us what strings we usually it occurs? Strings are character arrays. Ok? So if we want to create a string, Why use strings? Good One more thing, suppose you have a sentence whether you want to store it or you want to store a name Is. Now, as last I see the name here It has been Priya Gupta's. Ok? So respect Take me Priya Gupta's photo here The name is to be stored in a character array. So It will be done brother. Why not? Yellow. Now Here you will write P one by one R I Y A and then further Gupta, whoever it is. Ok? in public static void main What is a string? It is a question of Shruti. This will show that this is an array of strings. Wait a little bit. On this also we whose name There are arguments, we will come to that in a bit. Like. But for now we have been waiting for this for a long time. You were ignoring it, right? I will understand a little bit Now this. Let's not go into too much detail Will go. We need a basic Java job. I don't want to do it. We need either the developer Will become one or get a good job. So the character Erre this became. So this is a string. Now Look, if you want me to print this, You can also print it. But if you get this What do you do if you want to print? either You used a for each loop. Memory Do you have it? Well, is this like this? oh so much That's the dirty way of it. What do you say? Indentations that Java provides. These So this is a very dirty thing, friend. Look at this Doesn't it look so dirty? this so this so My mood got spoiled after seeing this. Isn't it? You will do the elements, what are you talking about? Brother? We keep it like this. Next, this is It looks very dirty. Yes. Now a little bit Looks fine. Come on brother. So now you know It will be completely completed. Now the mistake has been made From us. Did you get an error? Ok? I got typecast. of the PS You can see only one value. 97 Beautiful. Well, that's a good thing. Let us go We remember good things even by mistake. Let's take it. Do you remember brother? People your Your mind will not get damaged. If int here I had accomplished something by writing. Ok? This It was called implicit type casting. This Let's remove it. Now we create the string Name the string variable with a capital S Or name the variable X for now. Ok? For example, if we write int X, remember Is? We write int X = 8. Ok? Is So similarly string is a new data type we capital S attention I have to keep it and accept that no one here has me. I want to write any sentence here. We can write any name, anything alphabetical. between whom can we write double quotes now you will remember if i do anything I print between double quotes I can write as I am writing Shruti here Is a good girl. Ok? and Vineet It is also good. okay brother. So this is a string. One It looks complete. Now you can store it too You can. Yes. Yes. This string you You can also get it stored. Are you understanding it somewhere? Piece of text. Now if you want, you can see a single letter here. Write to Maybe Store a Word Write to Maybe store the entire line as written with Spaces are also printed, these are We looked at pattern printing. Look, we learn a few things, don't we? We learned about pattern printing. I am not remembering you, my friend, I am not remembering you. Vinay is saying, bad boy Vinay Bhai, you are the one You will be a bad boy, friend, although you will have your I don't think you look like one Be a bad boy. You all look very innocent. Sir Ken You explain cocoa eating bananas? So Kishan Stop right now. Also friend of binary search There are some questions. Please give them immediately Don't attempt it. like cocoa eating Coco Eating Bananas, Book Allocation Problem, aggressive cause, threshold problem We will read about binary search in Answer later. I go and An advanced binary search yet We have not read it. Ok? somewhere your The mind gets exhausted, that's why Okay, you understand here, right? Let's remove Vineet, okay, so we do this. Dude, you can store it here and you can use this You can print the string off course Whatever variable you have taken, look in general We take the variable s tr okay or s Let's have a little convention, it's good, but There's no such thing as you can take anything We take it according to the situation. Look at this Look perfect. okay brother? So what our The work is done. This has become basic A declaration part of the string We have discussed here how we declare We can string and do our work like this became. Now here are the string operations. Before we look up the string we take it as input Let's learn. Ok? So son, if the input If you take it, do you remember? So first of all We have to make something without it, sir. What is the difference between using new and this? Ajay Kumar, please wait a little, my love. I will tell you, wait a bit. Ok? All I will tell you. Just like Brother Anaga said You are right. A scanner is not made until a scanner is made The work doesn't get done until the class is done. Is. What happens in this class afterward? We will see. String is also a class It looks a little bit like that. Well now If I have to take string as input then You take it like this. How S dot next line is also next There is also the next line, there is also the next what is this let's see sc dot By doing next you first use the string You take the input and run it. Nothing has come, brother, write it here. Now like I write Raghav or I I'll name one of you Ideal So let's take Vinay's. Vinay is a Bad boy. Are? We have provided Vinay Is A Bad Boy as input Took it and Vinay got printed. Vinay Print Done. So now I want to tell you two things here. I want to tell you. What? First, give Print the strings we take as input By doing. As we take input, print Did. We create another string similarly. Are. Is the string T ok? We print T. Let's take it. And now we will write the next line. El Capital in line. Now let's see Takes strings as input. Ok Brother? For one thing, Vinay is a bad boy. Ok? So look, here it comes. Vinay is a bad Bye. What is this happening? What is this happening? So actually here What happened on it? First of all I will tell you Am. This little example of ours is correct because It did not happen. I had the opposite purpose of explaining it to him. I do it with him. first of all in a way Let's write the line here and this here Let's do it. Ok? We will also understand why that thing Hui? Write two things. Vinay's whole Let's write the line. Vinay is a bad boy. Vinay is a bad boy is here. Now back to the input Came for. You have taken two things as input, right? input taken print input taken print Now here we will write Abhishek is a good Boy okay so Abhishek is a baddie Abhishek has just arrived, now wait a minute. The bell has rung, so what is this, sir? I So I wrote good, hey I'm just joking, friend. I am joking, has sir's dinner arrived? Oh no no, I had a courier come. From Amazon. Ok? Let us come to the point There are a few. Sorry for the disturbance. So we Dude look at the first string you took input Input given. It's printed. be printed Went. Then I gave another input. Another one Gave input. If printed, only Abhishek It's printed. The bed itself did not print The next one. So what happens? If I just next then you can write whatever string You are giving input as soon as you enter a space. one or two or three, however many you gave a space If you give it to him, he will not read anything beyond that. You understand that the input beyond that is not there. Will you all understand, please chat Write it down and remember this for the next and what's the difference in the next line ok Is Sorry Abhishek, I wrote baddy to you. By the way Boys are not baddies. Ok? And You cannot write girls' names here otherwise A complaint will be lodged. Let's go Can emojis also be included in strings? Exactly the code of conduct. No no Harsh Son Harsh will now have to write bad. Correct Is. Can emojis also be included? good looking Are. Well, Java language is supported. In or not. Ok. okay brother. So happiness is a good Girl. Ok. No, all the girls are good It doesn't happen brother. Let go And now we take the second input. Second We take input [music] Jesus of Archit. So Archit What was I going to write, friend? Emojis. Thank you Abhinav. I forgot, friend. So first we write the emoji. We take it because we know what will come next. No. So let's see We Okay, I'm coming, good, dammit, wait. Buddy Hey brother This is Archit ok it's happening it's happening look it's happening Okay, it's happening, let's have emojis too. Anyway, the point is text only. Hey, brother, Archit is a ghost. Friend, did you not feel bad, Khushi Bhai? Yes, everyone has understood, next line, next Tell me, Archit Aditya, is it worth the money? Aditya, tell me what this group does Sir, you teach me very well, so A lot of questions come Tell me, right now there are some such emojis, sir. Pixels are patterns, aren't they? How Java Interprets Characters Dude, I will have to repeat this too because You are right in saying limited characters. They are ours only. Now what do you know, friend? Whatever new version of I don't know but good No, emojis are also not limited. Emojis Can Be Unlimited and Can Be Created Daily. I don't know if it's my friend This is not text. Emoji is not a Text. But no, actually whatever you say You are wondering about that, let me tell you one thing. Second, what do they say? Break. We are also like this So let's write emojis. Like your heart This is what emoji is. Isn't it? and infact I mean, I don't know that right now you are new. You are a little child of the times. A Google The app used to come through Hangouts. Ok? So Google Hangouts used to be like WhatsApp. Like WhatsApp, Snapchat. inside him If we had written this also like this then that It would get converted automatically. So I B it is like that it is reading this as a Character and a string and then back that I am showing him like this, I may be so this can be One Explanation Right may be internally mapped to such But Abhinav is saying Abhinav sir is saying Emojis are a part of Unicode, yes, so Definitely friend, then there will be no problem. should not be Unicode in Java or Shruti's question is it can be Kansa Considered Edge Text It It Is Considered Edge A Unicode search yourself once What is a Unicode okay alldo its You do not have the requirement But still yes later if inside java to work or when you do Engineering, you will study all these things. We are theoretical Things Yes sir, go ahead and see Yashika reading She is a child, come brother Now let's come to a little string Use operations. Dude, we Learned to take string as input, take output Learned. So how to get the characters of a string? Print? Now if I had made this The character array is equal to Raghav. And me If I want to print it then I could have simply Done system dot out array and that index number 0 1 2 3 and h is what gets printed. Ok? H whatever it is would have been printed. But If I talk here, if I what if I create something in a string Does indexing happen in strings? Yes It absolutely happens. If I write The string writes back something similar. Am. String s here name someone else We write it down. Ok? like Chaitanya Let me write it down. then the string s Chaitanya. Ok? So it also has indexes. These At the end is a character array itself. These at the And is a character array itself. So you see You can say there are nine words in it. what does it mean They say my alphabets are mine and eight are mine It is indexed. Now it comes to if I want to print a and if I want to print this T so can I do it by doing Ace of Four Am? So the answer is unfortunately Java. Not inside. And it is one of the Not the worst, but it is very bad. The thing in Java that I absolutely hate which Is Not There in C++. Inside C++ you can do the following if If you do S4 then your answer will come. But Java He is not allowed inside. So as if Nikita is writing, we access this How are you? Let's cut it a little. Little Let's come here and paste it. and if We need to access its characters. So you can simply write here, Sau. Now Suppose I want tea. So I write hoon care I write s dot care at care at and If you give your index here, what will this become? This is basically a replacement for Meaning, this cannot be a replacement. So instead of this we write dot whatever string is dot care character at fourth Position Not a Problem Actually in Terms of learning experience experience it is not A problem s dot care at mean character So I understand that it is not the case that I can't even understand. Right, so we Let's do this with our care at. One We'll see it in action sometime and The length of the string is basically its Size. Now again, please be careful here. Will have to. In case of array, we use array dot length I used to just write. Ok? I will write here String length and brackets in front Will apply. Ok? We will also put brackets. Why is this happening? We bit into the oops We will understand that later. Ok? If we Print or store anytime Inside a variable, say an array We used to write length as int n. So here too If we write s dot length son. Just this We will have to do it. and actually and if You may remember that in array list we use dot size. Were. Isn't it? And that too like this, then that too to you You should remember this. Yes Exactly Archit He is saying the right thing. Meaning he has property data member you can say that thing but yes okay Yes sir, spaces also count. Yes Shruti Let's come to Shruti's point. So Chaitanya Space and we write Shruti only. Let us go He has asked this question with doubt. Ok? Now you see You can. I will write its indices before you. I give. Nor will it be a10 again. N will be 11. D It will be 12. Then back to space, that's Space 13. will be. Shruti will start from 14th. 14 15 16 Will go till 17 18 19. Does everyone understand Is? Please write it in the chat, friend. Please Write it in the chat, friend. Please write in chat Give it to me friend. Ok? So space is also a There is a character which, as we have seen, Was. Ok? This is an array of characters and There was space in the character also. This we I saw it, friend. brightened up. Ok? This one We also take a look at Bari in action. Or leave in action. I am saying this Just solve the question. Isn't it? What is the question? Count the number of Vowels in a given string or vowels that Also speak. A string takes your input. Take any string and its number of Vowels or whatever vowels are there, you can call them Print it. I think you all know What is this, friend? A E I Oh you are there, right? Yes anything between double quotes is a string so we then from which text text We were not printing it from day one. Was printing the strings only. These Solve the question. You all have one home I am giving that. I am giving you a task. quickly Fire up intelligent ideas and Son, please solve this question. Try it. Ok? no great difficulty This is not a question, friend. any difficulty There is no question. Isn't it? Please try. If you have any problem, please ask in chat also. Make an anklet. Sir, if you have vowels capital then we will come to you right now. Let's make the question a little easier. To all First of all, friend, your question is that whatever You will input the string as whatever you want. You will input the string, do one thing Take only lower case input. Then we proceed Let's grow. Like this kid said Will solve the question. So for now you Whatever input you take, like I am the input I am not taking it. I am showing it like this Am. Ok? String Equ Ok. Like I took the string. now one Didn't I take the bubble too? Hi Ram. Okay, no Shivam, don't do all this. Harsh Not now You can input such a string Please take any string which is lower In case you need to take letters, I have the code Write down and show me how many marks are off in this. Please write down the code for vowels. Can't do it, is it difficult for you? Look, tell me one thing, what is this? give a hint I give. Let's wait. Let me give you a hint. The hint is that to print the string There are two ways of doing this. like I I am taking string, STR means large It is a basic thing. And I am writing Raghav Garg. Ok? So one way is to Just print it directly like this and it will be done. You all know the rest. Now you understand care at He must have arrived. So we can use for each loop or for You can also print friend from loop which is It is better. So if we print from the for loop The son will start only from the zero index Whatever its length is, see it for yourself. We will come and go there and we will come every time what will you print, friend str dot care at str dot what's going on str dot care At us that ith index I think this is I need to tell you this very clearly. This will print my string. If you go then I think you will also know how to play loops now. It is on the string, you can do it like this also. Ok? This was the hint. The rest is up to you Please do it once. okay brother? It is very simple. yes wait I take it. Write down the code and show it. some children I have already written it. Ok. Yes sir. There was no need for that. By the way, friend Nikita, all that you did in lower case Things are fine. This is a very strong code I wrote it, friend. Ok. This means that It seems you have tapped somewhere. Nikita. It looks a bit like scripted code. Let's see, you must have written it yourself. You are a literate girl, okay? have used the switch statement That's right, it's made first, well, it's made first. Yes, the question has been raised like Lakshya Absolutely right, son Lakshya, but You wrote the syntax wrong. Okay, Vikas Pratap has written it absolutely right. Vikas Pratap has given it almost It is written correctly. So I think this is enough It's easy. Abhinav Jain sir has also written it. Ok? You have written it absolutely correctly. Infact This is what I was going to write exactly. Ok? Let's get started now. I hope everyone You must have written it. Shruti also wrote Is. This is a very simple and easy code. Karan Friend, please give it to me like that. and Omar Khan, you are also like other children. Okay Priyanka, you have given me a hint. Now it's over, now it's over, is everyone's friend still there? If it did not happen, it will happen that it will happen in this also. Have you heard the dialogue, this will happen or in this also yours Yes, this is a very simple question again. You will not do anything just make the for loop Dude, now you know how to make a for loop. Explain why this length operator is useful. Hey, it's just like an array, wow, index zero to s dot length will go up to -1. outside one Create a variable. int count. You understand this Count the number of zeros in the array or Number of whatever it is. Ok? Count Zero kept. And you should always take this out, son. What? character CH equal to this hum is It is said that the character should be removed and kept aside. What is the benefit that we can check it again and again Will not do. Ok? Now you just have to see this that if my character is either A or Then what is that? copy paste tuck tuck Paste Three Four and five okay brother so a e i O! You are very nice, what would you do if that happened? what will you do and some of these are written Even if it happens, you will make the count plus plus And I think your work will be done then friend Print the count, you take it as input friend to the string There are 15 of them, I don't know if they might be there. That it may be okay, everyone understands son Difference between character arrays and strings It happens, Vipal, just wait a little. Okay, this is also like a character array. If he is internally then I think he is everyone's friend. My son must have gone, who hasn't come yet, please. tell me once okay so that didn't even hurt a little bit Yes, please tell me. way too much It's simple. This is how we did it, Sir, write hello. Sir input. Hello, why should I write input? You write it down, friend They. Ok. Anyway, let's get to the point. Are. This was a carat. Now a question for you Should I give you homework or should I give you homework, friend? Or show it by doing it. pandrome string There is a question about doing this. Now you give him his homework. Take it. Let's move on. Simple questions Yes friend. I don't think this will happen again and again to you Need to tell. Ah Screen Mirroring O! Can it be wireless as well? Nice. But the quality may not be good. So Oh, that's quite true, friend. infact this So a bigger one might be coming in front of you. Now! Do you see this? tell me once Buddy. Is this visible? There is a bit more lag. if so Tell. It is better to connect with wire only Is. anyway No lag, friend, it is Apple, trust me. I am not above it. would have just put the wire Am. Ok. Let's remove this. Let's share the screen. Sure! Will keep the connection. Yes sir. Come on brother, come on Let go. Come on, come on, come on, come on. These The question is your homework. this question You have your homework. Ok? We Not this, this pandrome string. Son What is a pandrome? Palindrome Vo It is read from the front, and from the back Read from. It is a bean. Like Mom, Like dad, like race cars Like Malayalam. That's absolutely right, friend. This is a very good example. like bowing down Whose friend is he, brother? Oh Markram, I never thought of that, man. is a palindrome. Yes Aidin Markaram Cricketer Isn't he Nitin from South Africa? Ok. So what do you do? Again you get a The string has to be taken as input. I have to tell you Whether it is a pandrome or not. Do you? Can you tell me? What Should Be the Time Complexity? In Bigo of n you will find this Have to do it. Or should I do this? Let me tell you a little bit. You got something son I don't want to do it, friend. Do you remember that you I looked at the string in reverse. forgot Reverse string memorization Won't it be even, sir? Why not? It will happen Aditya friend, why won't it happen? I say ABCCBA It's a palindrome, who dared to do it? It is absolutely a palindrome, so we all already I have read it, if you don't remember, reverse it. String gives you a pointer i holding zero Hey son, I have to keep a pointer on JR and You have to run a loop to check if this If both are same then son move forward and back Increase it. If these two are separated at any time There is no string padrom at the moment. Return falls. Are these questions gigs for Is there pay for gigs? If so, please send the link Son. It has to be done with two pointers only, Riya. Two You have to do this with the pointer only. Ok? Like I am telling you. Similarly, you have a This has to be done by creating a function that returns true. Or Falls will return ours. Okay friend? As Shruti has also given it. This Copy it and check it. Brother check We do. Let's check. Is this even it or Not there? Pandemonium in Practice is string. Yes, okay. It is very It's great. can I code it and show it To you? Will you do it quickly? gave this link Shruti is in the chat. Check the link. There is homework. Get this done. Ok? Dik Do Sir, You. Yes, Harsh. You were a good child Sir, please tell me once. You're a very dirty child, man You. Let me tell you. This is a wrong thing By the way, friend. It means you studied Not yet. Isn't it? It is very easy. Take this here. I will tell you only once, son. int i We will keep it at 0, son. We will keep j as s Key length. We will keep j as the length of s - 1, that is, n - 1 ok? Technically speaking. First index and placed it on the last index. Returns a boolean whether true or false. You have to do this here while i <= j Yes, only then will we stay, otherwise we will finish it. You will check the loop if if if if if if by mistake if by mistake s dot care at i is not equal to s dot care At J immediately you will return false and If this does not happen, it means it is the same, son, move on. raise take back that's it if everything If it goes well, we return true at the end. will give Okay, it's very simple, look, it's easy. Khushi and poor Archit are saying okay. Yes, the girls in this group are intelligent. He also did not say, brother sir, please show me, okay? The boy is not able to understand. Sir we don't Have to write else here. No, why would we Right? Let's answer this doubt chat. Let me tell you. Why would anyone write? One thing Tell. If I am writing return here Am. Understand what I am saying. Understand what I am saying. Ok? If both are not equal then The return will be false. I will just come down No. The function itself is over. And if it is not so If it happens, I will come down. And if so It does not happen, it means the same thing. what a lot Isn't it obvious? either both are equal or both are not equal. Simple. Ok? There is no need. Yes, you write this You can. There is no harm in this. See If You Want to Write It Like This, It's All Right. It's all right. If this else this. But Both have the same meaning. run this code also Will go. Of course this will also work. Let us move forward Let's move on brother. We move forward and we Let's look at the next methods a little. As Next is index of and compare to. Correct Is? Index of and compare to. before that Man, I feel like playing the strings Let's send it to the function and see. Ok? Passing strings to a function Are. Come on, come. Come here and we Passing strings to a function Are. Remember we sent the array. to array If we send it then it would be pass by value Is. Pass by reference occurs. Passing String to Method reference and what happens to the variable If we send the variable then it is passed by There is value. Ok? does this to you Do I have to do it again? Look at this public static Void change like I told you if I send Integer Double to anything. Here we create the variable index. So this We have read everything, friend. We read all this It is kept. If we print x, its value will be The value is not going to change at all. No 23 Will happen. It will remain 10 only. Only 10 will be printed. Ok? Now if instead of this we What if we do? What to do? will double Even then this will happen. Let's create the array if. Array If you make it. Ok? So in the case of arrays That change happens. In the case of arrays, Change happens. Now once the string Let's see. If I create a string x In which I can give it Raghav. I changed. Before changing Let's print it. One is by changing Let's print it first. If you change The receipt will also be string son, right? And What did I give him after changing it? Flourishing ok let us check It is immutable. Although what you are talking about is immutability. Abhinav and Harshit are you Are you listening? He has nothing to do with it Is. Ok? He has nothing to do with it There is no passing to functions because Suppose I put change here instead of here I would have written x equal to for example innovative Sir, because he is elder to us, that is fine, so you can you see here it is coming okay it is getting Changed earlier it was x Raghav now printed x Abhinav Sir, it got printed but when I If you pass it to the method in the function It is not getting changed. So It Is It Is Being Passed By Value. simple It is a concept. This means this x, son This is a separate box being made. this is a Different variables at all. means absolutely It is different. Change is happening in him. In this It is not happening. Do you understand? Everyone understood So write in the chat, friend. So we have done this basic thing. I saw the matter. Now let's look at some functions. Buddy. Now let us look at some functions. we are Strings come in the basics only, friend. Strings come down to the basics. Method Let me see. Ok? So Built In We call it built-in methods by the way. Ok? We call these built-in Methods. Like square root and all that. So these are the built in methods of String. I feel everything must be becoming clear to everyone. Yes. Ok? Suppose again a string Make it. What should I make the string this time? Buddy? What is the string this time? become dedicated Let's take it. Ok? So this time the string we Let's make it Arpit. So now let us read are gonna be index off. Now like here Which are the characters? Capital A, R, P, I and small T. Ok? write completely Let's take Arpit Bansal and we have one more Space here. Right? Then came the capital B. And so on. So this is my string. Now Suppose here, if I talk here Pe if I talk b. Ok? If I I want to know what is the index of P will be? 0 1 2. So if we write here Look at the S dot, how many things have come. Bhai Saheb Index of Index of So what will we write inside this? Index of What? I say index Of index of P, please tell me friend. P one I have used single quotes because it is a character. So it's coming right. Absolutely. Ok? What Do you understand? If I write A, 0 will come. Zero has arrived. But now I will write B, let's say So how much will it cost? 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 will come B Because there is space in between. You can also write this in low space. Yellow. Space five will come. You can see. This brother has also seen the space. See. Ok? But now if I notice here Do a small a here too. a small a here Also there. So if I write a small a will what? Yes. As Ashish asked If it is repeating then is it okay? or else Let's take it a little easy. Yellow. Ok? Another one Take. So you'll notice here a three The bar is coming brother. Ok? R also comes twice Used to be. I make everyone small and I live too Coming twice. Ok? My name is a little It is special. So it has a first index Will return which is our forest. First occurrence will return. You this thing You can check with R also. So this Garg Wala R will not come here. Joe R Raghav The index of what is going to come will come. Are you Getting it? So this will return the first index Just like Shubhika is right in saying that Preet is also right in saying that this will return sorted here exactly Friends, now let's come to the point that my Friend, if you want this then you can write this Listen carefully to the last index. Capitalize it, but it's okay at this time. last index of so our last index will come Okay, here you go now, just like my friend Aditya did. Many doubts were asked if any character If it is there then if there is no one in between son You won't find one here, okay? First and last Vinay gets bye Default means fine, you can search it manually. Do it then friend, okay let's talk here now. If I write any y like Raghav If I don't come, what will come? So -1 came, okay -1 means -1, so the index It doesn't happen. This means yes someone There is no index at all. In that case, bye Default Java is returning -1 executable Check it, I don't understand what Abhinav ji means Checking if two a's are together You will check that thing manually only. What does it matter to him, what will be his method? That two A's have come, make a method yourself His usual default methods are are made Okay, there are plenty of other methods, friend. You have many you can check. I don't know everything myself, look at your length. The nearest index is the last index of yours. Pass length is okay you have this gate It's a byte, so ignore it for now. lower case this is what we're going to look at now okay Substring is very important. End with start with is not very important Carat is very much equals a lot There is more, we will see later, connect There is not much comparison to ignore It is not a case of comparison, it is important It's definitely okay for some questions. Then you have all these code points. A little point to understand the hash code of HashMap It happens but not that much, the rest is fine. Look at all this, I don't even know about it. what are matches what is offset I don't know either, to be honest, split This new thing has also been created, is there any requirement? It is not that special, it is used much in Python People call this a two character array. It is very important to string This is very important friend, this is very important. It might have been there before, but it doesn't work now. So these are all our methods if you Dude, this is what it looks like We don't get Amit like this directly. Correct Is? Right. Sir, please tell me whatever is its use. Yes Alok is the same I am going to tell you in front of you. Sir Two What is a string one? They will tell Buddy. Stop, son. Solve by question do. I have brought a complete question about it. I. Now let's talk like we did What did we see? We just looked at the index of You must have understood the index of. now one Once we see two lower case. Son to What does lower case do? Is. assume like I have a string that contains some things like is in upper case like r and g so if I print s dot2 Lower case. Ok? There's just nothing inside Give it to you and I am running. So Raghav Garg will be printed. Now if you want Should I make a combination, little one, what else? They say? Of a big character. small and big character's to lower case all small Gives. Ok? As you can see. end to Upper case obviously Two upper case will make everyone bigger. Ok? I wrote it a little wrong. A one second, friend. Two upper case will make everyone bigger. Obviously C It's a basic thing, friend. Ok? Obviously C It is a basic thing. I think you got it will be. These come in handy sometimes. to over case, to lower case. All these things to us Sometimes it comes in handy. I hope you like this You must be understanding things. Right? Now we talk Here is its next method which is a little bit It comes in handy. It never comes anyway. Starts with. Now, suppose I'm here I write a name on it. which one of you There will be two people whose name will be the same. A It will be a little similar. Let's try them Buddy. No, I did not understand you. Yes. yes like Ishika comes to Rishikesh. Isn't it? and Archit A R comes in Arpit. Not in happiness Nothing is coming. Harsh and Harshit Bhai Harsh What is Sharma Sparsh brother? Yes There is touch. It happens. Nice Ishika Isha Yes, absolutely. Let's mean E is coming Only inside him. Ok. So I say this Like, let's say we take a big name. Are. End Yes. Let us take a name Harshit. Correct Is? So, joy also comes within Harshit. Harshit also takes Harshita, right brother? What could be better than this if all three brothers come Will go. okay brother? Come here. Now I I say there is only one content here. Correct Is? Content happens here. so s dot Contents. Now what do you write here? One Write the string. The small string that we It's called substring. Now, suppose here But if I write joy then what joy is this? Is it a part? In fact, another name will come here. Son. In fact another name will come. one turn That's why I am belittling everyone. So this is true And will answer in false. Listen carefully. True. This is a condition. This is a condition. For example, if we want to print Are. If S is containing Arsh. Another name came into this. Arsh also came. Arsh is also a name. So brother, print it. So brother, print it. Ok? Happy. Do you understand what I'm saying, friend? Do you understand? So True will be printed above and Happy too It's printed. I hope you understand will be. This is the condition. We did it directly Planted in If. So either this will be true. If This is true, it's gone. If it falls So it won't work. I hope you understand what I am saying Yes, you must be understanding that. Ok? If we want to You can write here. I was happy. Is Harshit in it or not? Ok? Now Harsha is not in it. Harsha continuously Not there. Now you will think that the falls have come. Answer. If it is Harsha then brother Harsha and not like this No, together. Okay, you got it, four. Name is Harshit Harsh Harshita Harsh Harshita Something might be happening, maybe it's okay Anyway, this is what our friend content is now. One starts with and ends with Okay, like what they say to me. It answers only in true and false, that too It gives answers only in True and False like Let's say I want to print here. hoon s dot starts with kya ye har joy It is starting from . Is this string joy Starting from? Yes, it is definitely happening. True. Does this string start from the sky? Is it happening? It is not happening. Ok? no be doing. It is not happening. Ok? Starts With It simply means that it is no longer necessary. Here I gave you four. So what four? Shall we take it? No. We can take one too. For example, suppose it starts with H. Is? Yes, it is definitely happening. Is this from HA Is it starting? Yes, it is definitely happening. Ok? So this also means that sometimes it comes in handy. Is. Ok? Butt is A. Now there would have been a similar Hey son, ends with that last one. You can see. Ok? You can try it yourself and see Take. Instead of 'starts', write 'ends with'. Ok? So these are our contents. There is little content but at least it is useful. Can. We also saw lower case, upper case Took. What else is left? Now compare to the remaining Our and our saved concatenation. But Before that, let me explain one thing to you here. I want. As we saw, we saw This two is lower case and our two This is a case of a little bit of it once. For we understand. Come here. like I It is written Harshita here and I I am converting to upper case. And I Also printed system dot out s dot Harshita Print in Two Upper Case to Capital Will be done. Ok? Harshita in the Capitol It's printed. There was no problem. Correct Is? But if I had just written this. Listen to me very carefully. Please Listen to me very carefully, brother. Now you will think of converting it to upper case. Gave. Then printed it. Right? So this does not happen. Doesn't happen like this. Doesn't happen like this. Doesn't happen like this. Yes it is kind of immutability. Or you write this back s = this is it Will go. But why is this happening? A little bit from us 15 We will understand these things in 30 minutes. Ok? This will work. This will not happen. Ok? Attention hear from. It is very important. similarly What if I say? concatenate also Did Or where did you go? The rest of my Yes, it is equal. Even if concatenated It will remain the same. Ok. Now let's talk Lastly, we talk about Compare To Buddy. Let's talk about Compare To. Compare What does it do? to two strings Compares lexicographically. Ok? Compares lexicographically. First Let us understand the meaning of lexicographically. It's going to be very useful. Ok? Anaga has come after reading it completely. Excellent. very good thing. Ok. very good thing. Come on, come on Let go. Ok. So who were we talking about, friend? Of concatenation. I forgot again. Yes, no, we are talking about two compared to two. Please compare yours to how long you have been playing. Aayushi please stop it Please turn off your mic, man. Okay, let's come here, friend. Let's go and talk first. Compare to Key Then the mic came on, man. Please don't, please, thank you. We are fine. Come here. What does CompareTo do? Two Compares strings Lexicographically. But before that you should understand What does lexicographical order mean? Is? Or what is lexicographical? If I say lexicographically Smaller Let us understand that. Suppose I have a is a string or a word is a whole and I I say Raghav. Ok? And now suppose I have another one is string. We take names starting with S. take the name or Sneha. Okay, fine. Ok. Even after R It comes and there are five letters. So if I tell you I ask, Sur could have also written. Sneha's length It's five. Raghav's length is six here. Is. Which of the following is lexicographically smaller? What is it? It is Raghav. Why did this happen? Compare two strings lexicographically How does it happen? Let me explain that a little. To all First the first character of both is seen. Is. It is not clear which string It is too long. Isn't it? Of course this The string is large. But lexicographically these It is small. Look at the first character. From RS It is small. Ask S to find the sky value of R is less than the sky value. Small Agar If you have both, be careful. So this is why this Small is lexicographically. Ok? Now if it comes to the point where I Should I tell you to write it here, Harmeet? Let me write one more word, Harsh. Which of the following is lexicographically smaller? will be? HH is the bean. When there are beans, move on. A A is a bean. go ahead. RR is also same. Ahead Go ahead. M and S then M comes before S Harmeet is younger than Harsh. Do you understand this Are you coming? Anaga is absolutely right I said it. That's what I was remembering. to me I couldn't understand that thing, son. What comes first in the dictionary Remember or not? How do we see words? They Follows lexicographical order Dictionary. Simple thing, if I tell you Should I tell you? Yes. Askai Value Compare Sir, internally. Yes, that is what Aditya is. Same So I explained these two characters to you. The value of key S will be compared and it works It keeps going on. Now a little bit of us Let's try here, brother, what is this? Is it something? We will write this in compare to How? Ok? We actually write it like this are s dot means if suppose two strings have s1 and s2. So let's compare the first one. From the second. Ok? This is how I write. Ok? There can be three answers to this, my answers. Either its output will be one or its output will be Zero will come or its output will be -1. Correct Is? What would that indicate? Let me Let me tell you. If both my beans turn out If you go, you will get zero. If a big one came out Then the forest will come. And if by comparing If it turns out to be small then it will be -1. Ok? One We will try this again and see Exactly the same name. as if there is joy and For example, if it is joyful then it is absolutely It's the same till here and some more here If it is extra then which one will be smaller? Big Which one will it be, let us print it quickly. Let's see. Ok? And here we go Asif Let me clear this matter also. If the son Asif, it happened as if I had I said here, I said here Raghav is written like this. Ok? And now as I have it here Wrote