Why Do Multilingual Reasoning Gaps Emerge in Reasoning Language Models?

arXiv:2510.27269v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reasoning language models (RLMs) achieve strong performance on complex reasoning tasks, yet they still exhibit a multilingual reasoning gap, performing better in high-resource languages than in low-resource ones. While recent efforts have been made to address this gap, its underlying causes remain largely unexplored. In this work, we show that this gap primarily stems from failures in language understanding-specifically, the model's inabi