Retrieval-aligned Tabular Foundation Models Enable Robust Clinical Risk Prediction in Electronic Health Records Under Real-world Constraints

arXiv:2604.01841v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Clinical prediction from structured electronic health records (EHRs) is challenging due to high dimensionality, heterogeneity, class imbalance, and distribution shift. While tabular in-context learning (TICL) and retrieval-augmented methods perform well on generic benchmarks, their behavior in clinical settings remains unclear. We present a multi-cohort EHR benchmark comparing classical, deep tabular, and TICL models across varying data scale,