LLM4Delay: Flight Delay Prediction via Cross-Modality Adaptation of Large Language Models and Aircraft Trajectory Representation

arXiv:2510.23636v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Flight delay prediction has become a key focus in air traffic management (ATM), as delays reflect inefficiencies in the system. This paper proposes LLM4Delay, a large language model (LLM)-based framework for predicting flight delays from the perspective of air traffic controllers monitoring aircraft after they enter the terminal maneuvering area (TMA). LLM4Delay is designed to integrate textual aeronautical information, including flight d