Can AI Be a Good Peer Reviewer? A Survey of Peer Review Process, Evaluation, and the Future

arXiv:2604.27924v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Peer review is a multi-stage process involving reviews, rebuttals, meta-reviews, final decisions, and subsequent manuscript revisions. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have motivated methods that assist or automate different stages of this pipeline. In this survey, we synthesize techniques for (i) peer review generation, including fine-tuning strategies, agent-based systems, RL-based methods, and emerging paradigms to enhance gener