A Unified Knowledge Embedded Reinforcement Learning-based Framework for Generalized Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problems

arXiv:2605.14416v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a fundamental NP-hard problem with broad applications in logistics and transportation. Real-world CVRPs often involve diverse objectives and complex constraints, such as time windows or backhaul requirements, motivating the development of a unified solution framework. Recent reinforcement learning (RL) approaches have shown promise in combinatorial optimization, yet they rely on end-to-end learning